Chapter 10 - How Cells Divide Flashcards
Binary Fission
Asexual reproduction by division of one cell or body into two equal or nearly equal parts.
Which type of organism does binary fission take place in?
Prokaryotic cell
What is the process during binary fission?
Begins with the replication of the bacterial DNA at a specific site - the origin of replication - and proceeds in both directions around the circular DNA to a specific site of termination.
What is the process of replication in bacteria?
First the origin and then the rest of the newly replicated chromosomes are moved to opposite ends of the cells as two new nucleotides are assembled. The final event of replication is decatenation (untangling) of the final replication products.
Septum
A wall between two cavities
Septation
In prokaryotic division, the formation of a septum where new cell membrane and cell wall are formed to separate the two daughter cells.
Where is the FtsZ protein found?
In most prokaryotes and archaea
Mitosis
Somatic cell division; nuclear division in which the duplicated chromosomes separate to form two genetically identical daughter nuclei.
How many chromosomes does a human have?
46 chromosomes, consisting of 23 nearly identical pairs.
Haploid cells
Having only one set of chromosomes (n)
Diploid cells
Having two sets of chromosomes (2n)
Homologue
One of a pair of chromosomes of the same kind located in a diploid cell.
Karyotype
The morphology of the chromosome of an organism as viewed with a light microscope.
What are chromosomes composed of?
Chromatin which is a complex of DNA and protein
Which domains of chromatid are expressed and what are not expressed?
Heterochromatin is not expressed and euchromatin is expressed.
