CHAPTER 10 - Health, Disease, and Disability Flashcards
What is developmental health psychology?
Studying how people grow and adapt at different stages in life
Define health
The absence of disease
Define disease
The objective diagnosis of a particular disorder with a specific cause and characteristic symptoms
Define illness
The existence of a specific disease, but also included the individuals subjective perceptions of and response to the disease and its effect on the psychosocial environment
Rates of disease, chronic illness, and disability _____ with age
increase
Cancer risk increases with age as ____ cancer is the most common
lung
African Americans have a _____ mortality rate than the population until age _____, where they are then expected to outlive Caucasians
higher, 80
Explain the following terms
Pharmokenetics:
Pharmodynamics:
Polypharmacy:
In and out of the body
How does it work
The use of multiple medications
Explain synergistic effects
producing difference outcomes when combined with other substances than they do when used alone
Overmedication or adverse reactions to drugs can lead to what is called ______
Excess
Explain the Excess Disabilities Syndrome
Individuals function at a level lower than that of which they are capable
Explain nonadherence
Failure to take medication as prescribed
What are the two main goals for prevention?
Increase the quality and years of healthy life
Eliminate health disparities between different groups in the population
What is primary prevention?
Preventing delaying the development of a disease or condition including immunizations, controlling risk factors through improved health habits, HIV-AIDS education
What is secondary prevention?
Activies aimed at early diagnosis through screening when the condition is asymptomatic such as screening for diabetes, cancer, depression, and controlling hyptertension to avoid stroke
What is tertiary prevention?
Focuses on halting disease progression and on rehabilitation and pain control such as pain control for those with arthritis, very low fat vegetarian diet for those with heart disease, and rehabilitiation following stroke
Explain these three risks:
Relative Risk
Biological Risk
Behavioral Risk
Rate of a particular disease among those who have the risk factors versus those who do not
Age, sex, and family history
Referred to as behavioral pathogens and include toxic personal attitudes and habits or lifestyles that lead to disease, disability, and death
The mortality rate for those who are overweight and do not exercise is _____ than those who do up to about age _____
greater, 72
What conditions do exercise prevent primarily?
Heart disease, diabetes, osteoporosis and osteoarthritis
Explain hypokinesis
The degeneration and functional loss of muscle and bone tissue from disuse
Over half of men and women reported ________ with arthritis and ________ disease as the most common conditions
hyperextension, heart
