Chapter 10: Equilibrium Flashcards
What is equilibrium? How do you write a equilibrium equation?
when the forward and reverse reaction are occurring in equal magnitude.
Keq= [D]^d[C]^c/[B]^b[A]^a where solids and liquids are omitted.
What is the relationship with K?
K>1 Favors the products while K<1 favors the reactants. k=1 they are equal
What is the reaction quotient?
When not in equilibrium, this equation tells the details of a reaction, and how to get to equilibrium. (denoted as Q)
What is the relationship of Q to K?
If Q>K then more reactant has to be made.
If Q
Does Keq change?
yes, with temperature only.
Le-Chatlier Principle
The addition or removal of a reaction contribution will influence the direction of the reaction
What is the relationship between increased volume and gas?
Decrease the pressure, and reaction favors side with more mols of gas.
What is the relationship between decreased volume and gas?
Increases the pressure, and the reaction favors side with least mols of gas.
What does adding an inert gas do to an equilibrium?
Nothing, unless it is added to a container with a moveable piston.
What affect does the catalyst have on the equilibrium?
Nothing, only affects the rate of the reaction.
What is the Van’t Hoff factor?
Presents the amount of ionizable units, and can give info on strong and weak electrolytes.
Three major solubility rules
- solubility of solids in liquids increases with temperature
- solubility of gases in liquids decreases with temperature and increases with temperature.
What are the 3 main water rules?
- all group 1 and ammonium compounds are soluble.
- perchlorates, nitrates, and acetates are soluble.
- silver, mercury, and lead compounds are NOT soluble
What is the relationship of Qsp?
Deals with equilibrium striving shifts with soluble compounds. Follows the rules of Q.
Common Ion Effect?
When another compound is dissolved and presents the same ion, it may decrease the original solubility of a compound.
