Chapter 10 - Energy Flashcards
Potential (stored) energy
energy that has the potential to do work and so the energy is ‘stored’, such 339as gravitational energy, elastic energy and chemical energy
Gravitational energy
energy stored due to the height of an object above a base level
Elastic energy
the potential energy stored in a stretched elastic material
Chemical energy
potential energy derived from chemical reactions
Electrical energy
the energy made available by the flow of electric charge through a conductor
Kinetic energy
energy due to the motion of an object
Heat (thermal) energy
is the result of the movement of tiny particles called atoms molecules or ions in solids, liquids and gases.
Light energy
Light energy is the only form of energy that we can actually see directly. It is formed through chemical, radiation, and mechanical means.
Sound energys
the movement of energy through substances in longitudinal (compression/rarefaction) waves
Law of conservation of energy
a law that states that energy cannot be made or lost. However, energy can be transformed from one type to another or transferred from one object to another.
Efficiency energy
Efficient energy use, sometimes simply called energy efficiency, is the goal to reduce the amount of energy required to provide products and services. For example, insulating a home allows a building to use less heating and cooling energy to achieve and maintain a comfortable temperature.
Thermal energy transfer
Heat may be transferred by means of conduction, convection, or radiation. Conduction is the transfer of thermal energy
Conduction
transfer of heat through collisions between particles
Convection
transfer of heat through the flow of particles
Radiation
a method of heat transfer that does not require particles to transfer heat from one place to another
Reflected
bounced off
Transmitted l
passed through something, such as light or sound passing through air
Absorbed
taken in
Conductor
a conductor is an object or type of material that allows the flow of an electrical current in one or more directions.
Insulators
A material or an object that does not easily allow heat, electricity, light, or sound to pass through it.
Luminous
releasing its own light
Incandescent
describes objects that emit light when they are hot
Bioluminescent
describes living things that release light energy
Non luminous
describes objects that do not emit their own light, but can be seen by reflected light
Vibrations
repeated fast, back-and-forth movements
Compression
the process of pushing a material into itself
Rarefaction
in sound waves, the layers of air particles that are spread apart (between compressions)
Frequency/pitch
the highness or lowness of a sound. The pitch that you hear depends on the frequency of the vibrating air.
