Chapter 10: Early China Flashcards
A Chinese social philosophy that stressed social harmony organized around five basic relationships, each with an established code of conduct.
Confucianism
A military commander exercising civil power by force, usually in a limited area.
Warlord
A member of an upper class of society, usually made up of hereditary nobility.
Aristocrat
To become known.
Emerge
A canal; a narrow body of water between two landmasses.
Channel
Related to solidars,arms, or war.
Military
To be dependent.
Rely
A person that someone is descended from.
Ancestor
A symbol in a writing system based on pictures.
Pictograph
A symbol in a writing system that represents a thing or an idea.
Ideograph
The belief that the Chinese kings had the right to rule came from the gods.
Mandate of Heaven
Chinese system of beliefs which describes the way a king must rule.
Dao
Having title of possession by reason of birth.
Hereditary
A Chinese social philosophy that stressed social harmony organized around five basic relationships, each with an established code of conduct.
Confucianism
The study of the basic ideas about society, education, and right and wrong.
Philosophy
A single human being contrasted with a group.
Individual
Having things in common
Similar
A philosophy originated by Lao Tzu that focuses upon a universal force that guides all things. It strives to achieve an understanding and acceptance of nature, instead of attempting to create the social order (such as with Confucianism).
Daoism
A Chinese philosophy that stressed the importance of laws.
Legalism
A Group of people who are at similar cultural, economic, or educational levels.
Social Class
Respect shown by children to their parents and elders. A key concept stressed in Confucianism.
Social Class
Respect shown by children to their parents and elders. A key concept stressed in Confucianism.
filial piety
A series of fortifications, generally built along an east-to-west line across the northern borders of China, for protection against invasions.
Great Wall of China
A skilled worker that makes useful objects such as iron tools and weapons.
Artisan
A person who provided goods and services to the upper class such as shopkeepers, traders, and bankers.
Merchant
An official who watches others for correct behavior.
Censor
Something such as coins or paper money, that is used as a medium of exchange.
Currency
To make into a single unit
Unify
A connecting element or factor.
Link
The dynasty that ruled over a unified China for about 400 years, beginning in 202 B.C. through A.D. 220. Key developments during the reign of this dynasty included the development of civil service exams, the invention of paper, and the establishment of the Silk Road.
Han Dynasty
The first Imperial dynasty of China established by Shi Huangdi, lasted from 221 to 206 B.C.
Qin Dynasty
Qin Emperor of China from 246 B.C. to 221 B.C. He was the first to be known as “Emperor” and, through extremely harsh rule, was the first to establish a unified China under centralized control. He is also noted for his persecution of Confucius scholars and the building of the Great Wall of China.
Shih Huangdi
A Chinese dynasty lasting from 1027 B.C. to about 256 B.C. Notable developments during its reign include the emergence of the belief in the Mandate of Heaven and, towards the end of its reign, the emergence of Confucianism and Daoism as distinct philosophies.
Zhou Dynasty
