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Medical Terminology > Chapter 10: Cardiovascular, Immune, Lymphatic Systems and Blood > Flashcards

Chapter 10: Cardiovascular, Immune, Lymphatic Systems and Blood Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Angi/o

A

Vessel

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2
Q

Aort/o

A

Aorta

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3
Q

Arteri/o

A

Artery

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4
Q

Anther/o

A

Yellowish, fatty plaque

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5
Q

Atri/o

A

Atrium

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6
Q

Cardi/o

A

Heart

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7
Q

Ech/o

A

Sound

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8
Q

Electr/o

A

Electricity, electrical activity

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9
Q

Isch/o

A

Deficiency, blockage

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10
Q

Lymphaden/o

A

Lymph node

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11
Q

Lymph/o

A

Lymph, lymph tissue

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12
Q

Myel/o

A

Bone marrow

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13
Q

Phleb/o

A

Vein

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14
Q

Plasm/o

A

Plasm

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15
Q

Splen/o

A

Spleen

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16
Q

Therm/o

A

Heat

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17
Q

Thromb/o

A

Clot

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18
Q

Thym/o

A

Thymus gland

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19
Q

Valv/o

A

Valve

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20
Q

Valvul/o

A

Valve

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21
Q

Ven/o

A

Vein

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22
Q

Ventricul/o

A

Ventricle

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23
Q

Brady-

A

Slow

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24
Q

Pan-

A

All, total

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25
Q

-ac

A

Pertaining to

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26
Q

-apheresis

A

Removal

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27
Q

-penia

A

Abnormal reduction in slumber

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28
Q

-poiesis

A

Formation

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29
Q

-sclerosis

A

Hardening

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30
Q

ABO

A

Blood groups

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31
Q

Rh

A

Blood type

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32
Q

AP

A

Apical pulse

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33
Q

BP

A

Blood pressure

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34
Q

BP

A

Blood pressure

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35
Q

HR

A

Heart rate

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36
Q

P

A

Pulse

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37
Q

R

A

Respiration

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38
Q

T

A

Temperature

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39
Q

VS

A

Vital signs

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40
Q

Diff

A

Differential count

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41
Q

ESR

A

Sed rate

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42
Q

H&H

A

Hemoglobin and hemocrit

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43
Q

Hgb

A

Hemoglobin

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44
Q

ProTime/ INR

A

Prothrombin time

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45
Q

PT

A

Prothrombin time

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46
Q

PTT

A

Partial thromboprostin time

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47
Q

ECG

A

Electrocardiogram

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48
Q

ECHO

A

Echocardiogram

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49
Q

Hct

A

Hemocrit

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50
Q

EKG

A

Electrocardiogram

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51
Q

ASHD

A

Arteriosclerotic heart disease

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52
Q

CAD

A

Coronary heart disease

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53
Q

CHF

A

Congestive heart failure

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54
Q

DVT

A

Deep vein thrombosis

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55
Q

HTN

A

Hypertension

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56
Q

MI

A

Myocardial infarction

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57
Q

MVP

A

Mitral valve prolapse

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58
Q

BMT

A

Bone marrow transplant

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59
Q

CABG

A

Coronary artery by-pass graft

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60
Q

OPCABG

A

Off-pump coronary artery by pass graft

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61
Q

PTCA

A

Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty

62
Q

AV

A

Atrioventricular

63
Q

CPR

A

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

64
Q

NSR

A

Normal sinus rhythm

65
Q

SA

A

Sinoatrial node

66
Q

A- fib

A

Atrial fibrillation

67
Q

VF

A

Ventricle fibrillation

68
Q

CCU

A

Cardiac care unit

69
Q

Acute coronary syndrome

A

Insufficient blood supply to heart - unstable acute myocardial infarction

70
Q

Afebrile

A

Not feverish

71
Q

Allergen

A

Substance capable of producing hypersensitivity

72
Q

Allergist

A

One who studies/ treats allergic conditions

73
Q

Allergy

A

Hypersensitivity to a substance, resulting in an inflammatory immune response

74
Q

Anaphylaxis

A

Exaggerated life threatening reaction to a previously encountered antigen

75
Q

Anemia

A

Condition in which there is a reduction in the number of erythrocytes

76
Q

Aneurysm

A

Ballooning of a weakened portion of an arterial wall

77
Q

Aneurysmectomy

A

Surgical excision of an aneurysm

78
Q

Angina pectoris

A

Chest pain, insufficient supply of blood to heart

79
Q

Antibiotic

A

Medicine that inhibits the growth if or destroys micro organisms

80
Q

Antibody

A

Substance produced by lymphocytes that inactivates or destroys antigens

81
Q

Anticoagulent

A

Agent that slows blood clotting process

82
Q

Antigen

A

Substance that triggers an immune response when introduced to the body

83
Q

Apical pulse

A

The beat of the heart as felt through the peripheral artery

84
Q

Arrhythmia

A

Off rhythm, abnormal heart beat

85
Q

Atrial fibrillation

A

Cardiac characterized by chaotic rapid electrical impulses

86
Q

Atrial fibrillation ablation

A

Procedure in which abnormal cells that trigger atrial fibrillation are destroying by a device that heats or freezes the cells

87
Q

Autoimmune disease

A

Disease caused by body is inability to distinguish its own cells from foreign bodies

88
Q

Blood dyscrasia

A

Abnormal or pathologic condition of the blood

89
Q

Blood pressure

A

Pressure exerted by blood against the blood vessel walls

90
Q

Bone marrow aspiration

A

Aspirate a sample of liquid portion of bone marrow for study

91
Q

Bone marrow biopsy

A

Procedure to obtain a sample of bone marrow

92
Q

Bone marrow transplant

A

Infusion of healthy bone marrow into a recipient with matching cells

93
Q

Bruit

A

Abnormal vascular sound caused by turbulent blood flow

94
Q

Cardiac arrest

A

Sudden cessation of cardiac output and effective circulation which requires cardiopulmonary resuscitation

95
Q

Cardiac catheterization

A

Diagnostic procedure- pass catheter through vessel to heart to examine conditions

96
Q

Cardiac pacemaker

A

Battery powered apparatus implanted under the skin with leads placed on the heart or inner chamber of the heart

97
Q

Cardiac tamponade

A

Acute compression of the heart caused by fluid accumulation in the pericardial cavity

98
Q

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

A

Emergency procedure consisting of cardiac compressions and artificial ventilation

99
Q

Coarctation of the aorta

A

Congenital cardiac condition characterized by a narrowing of the aorta

100
Q

Congenital heart disease

A

Heart abnormality present at birth

101
Q

Coronary

A

Relating to or denoting the arteries that surround and supply the heart

102
Q

Coronary artery disease

A

Condition that reduces the flow of blood through the coronary artery to the myocardium that may limit oxygen and nutrients

103
Q

Coronary by pass graft

A

Bring new blood to heart by detouring around blacked arteries

104
Q

Coronary stent

A

Supportive scaffold device placed in the coronary artery

105
Q

C-reactive protein

A

Blood test used to measure c reactive protein

106
Q

Creatine phosphokinase

A

Blood tert measuring creatine phosphokinase an enzyme

107
Q

Deep vein thrombosis

A

Condition of thrombus in a deep vein in body

108
Q

Defibrillation

A

Application of an electric shock to the myocardium through the chest wall to restart normal cardiac rhythm

109
Q

Diastole

A

Relaxed

110
Q

Diastolic

A

Relaxing

111
Q

Digital subtraction angiography

A

Process of digital radiographic imaging of the blood vessels that “subtracts” or removes structures not being studied

112
Q

Doppler flow studies

A

Uses high frequency sound waves for detection of blood flow within the vessels

113
Q

Echocardiography

A

Sound heart imaging

114
Q

Embolectomy

A

Surgical removal of an embolus or clot with balloon

115
Q

Embolus

A

Blood clot or foreign material such as air or far that enters the blood stream and moves until it lodges at another point

116
Q

Exercise stress test

A

Study evaluates cardiac function during physical stress by riding a bike or treadmill

117
Q

Extracorporeal

A

Occurring outside the body

118
Q

Extravasation

A

Escape of blood from the blood vessel into the tissue

119
Q

Febrile

A

Feverish

120
Q

Femoropopliteal bypass

A

Surgery to establish an alternate route from femoral artery to popliteal artery to bypass an obstruction

121
Q

Fibrillation

A

Rapid quivering noncoordinated contractions of the atria or ventricles

122
Q

Hematoma

A

Collection of blood outside of a blood vessel

123
Q

Hemophilia

A

Blood doesn’t clot normally

124
Q

Hemorrhage

A

Rapid loss of blood

125
Q

Hodgkin disease

A

Malignant disorder of lymphatic tissue characterized by progressive enlargement

126
Q

Sepsis

A

Condition in which pathogenic microorganisms usually bacteria enter the bloodstream causing inflammatory response to the infection

127
Q

Homocysteine

A

Blood test

128
Q

Hypercholestrolemia

A

Excessive amount of cholesterol

129
Q

Hyperlipidemia

A

Too many lipids

130
Q

Hypertension

A

Blood pressure above 140/90

131
Q

Hypotension

A

Blood pressure below 90/60

132
Q

Impedance plethysmography

A

Measures venous flow of the extremities w/ plethysmograph

133
Q

Intermittent claudication

A

Cramping pain induce by exercise - obstruction of arteries

134
Q

Intracoronary thrombolytic

A

Injection of medicine either intravenously or intraarterially to dissolve blood clots before hardened

135
Q

Ischemia

A

Condition of deficient blood flow due to constriction or obstruction of a blood vessel

136
Q

Lumen

A

Space with in a tubular part of organ

137
Q

Myocardial infarction

A

Death of a portion of the myocardium caused by lack of oxygen resulting in interrupted blood supply

138
Q

Occlude

A

To close tightly, to bloke

139
Q

Palpation

A

Method of feeling with fingers during a physical examination

140
Q

Palpitations

A

Heart racing

141
Q

Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty

A

Balloon passed through blood vessel into coronary artery to the area where plaque is formed

142
Q

Peripheral arterial disease

A

Disease of arteries in arms and legs resulting in narrowing with complete obstruction of the artery

143
Q

Phagocytosis

A

Process in which some of the white blood cells destroy the invading micro organism and old cells

144
Q

Pyrexia

A

Fever

145
Q

Rheumatic heart disease

A

Damage to the heart muscle or heart valves caused by the one or more episode of rheumatic fever

146
Q

Single-photon emission computed tomography

A

Nuclear scan visualizing heart from different angles to produce a 3D image

147
Q

Systole

A

Contraction

148
Q

Thallium test

A

Nuclear test to diagnose coronary artery disease and assess revascularization after coronary artery bypass surgery

149
Q

Transesophageal echocardiogram

A

Ultrasound test examining cardiac function and structure by using an ultrasound probe placed in the esophagus

150
Q

Varicose veins

A

Distended or tortuous veins usually found in lower extremities

Medical Terminology (7 decks)

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