Chapter 10: Cardio respiratory Exercise Flashcards
Define cardiorespiratory endurance:
Ability to perform whole-body activities for extended periods without undue fatigue
The improvement of cardiorespiratory endurance through training occurs because of increased capability of oxygen delivery of what 4 elements
- heart
- blood vessels
- blood
- lungs
When exercising, HR _____(inc/dec), and diastolic filling time _____ (inc/dec).
- increases
- decreases
HR parameters change depending on what factors?
- age
- body position
- type of exercise
- CV disease
- heat and humidity
- medications
- blood volume
Monitoring HR is an indirect method of estimating _____ ______.
Oxygen consumption
How does stroke volume change during increased demands of cardiac output during exercise?
Increases
Stroke volume is equal to the difference between ____ _____ ____ and ____ ____ ____.
- end diastolic volume
- end systolic volume
Typical values for stroke volume range from ____ to ____ mL/beat at rest and ____ to _____ mL/beat at maximum.
- 60-100
- 100-120
Stroke volume will continue to increase only to the point at which ….
This occurs at about ___% of max aerobic capacity, or at a HR of ____ bpm. Above this level, increases in the cardiac output are accounted for by increases in ____.
- diastolic filling time is simply too short to allow adequate filling
- 40-50%
- 110-120
- HR
Cardiac output:
How much blood the heart is capable of pumping in exactly 1 min
Cardiac output is the primary determinant of ….
The max rate of oxygen consumption possible
During exercise, cardiac output increases to about ____ times that experienced during rest (to about ___ L) in the normal individual, and may increase as much as ____ times in the elite endurance athlete (to about ___ L).
- 4
- 20
- 6
- 31
Cardiac output =
Stroke volume x HR
HR is regulated by the _____ nervous system as well as circulating levels of _____ secreted from the ____ _____.
- autonomic
- epinephrine
- adrenal medulla
Conditions that resist ventricular outflow (ex. ____ or and increase in ______) will result in a _____ in cardiac output.
- HBP
- after load
- decrease
A condition that would decrease venous return (ex. ____ ____ disease) _____ stroke volume and would ______ cardiac output.
- peripheral artery
- decrease
- decrease
Why does resting HR often decrease with aerobic conditioning?
Increase in stroke volume brought about by increased venous return and to increased contractile conditions in the myocardium.
During exercise, females tend to have a 5-10% ____ cardiac output than males at all intensities. This is likely the result of a lower concentration of _____ in the female, which is compensated for during exercise by an ____ cardiac output.
- higher
- hemoglobin
- increased
