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Bio 163 > Chapter 10 - Blood > Flashcards

Chapter 10 - Blood Flashcards

1
Q

Anemia

A

Decrease in oxygen-carrying capacity of blood
Due to the decrease in either RBCs or hemoglobin

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2
Q

Hemophilia

A

Genetic mutation in clotting factors

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3
Q

Hemolytic disease of the newborn

A

Rh- mothers antibodies destroy Rh+ newborns RBCs

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4
Q

Hematocrit

A

Percentage of erythrocytes to total blood volume

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5
Q

Leukocytes , White blood cells, WBCs

A

Diapedesis
Chemotaxis
4,800-10,800 cells/mm3
Granulocytes

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6
Q

Chemotaxis

A

Move towards certain molecules (foreign invaders or the body’s alarm signals)

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7
Q

Granulocytes

A

Neutrophils, Eosinophils, and Basophils

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8
Q

Eosinophils

A

Defend against parasitic worms

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9
Q

Basophils

A

Rarest
Produce histamine

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10
Q

Agranulocytes

A

Lymphocytes
Monocytes mature into macrophages

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11
Q

Lymphocytes

A

B and T cells
Responsible for adaptive immunity and long term immunity

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12
Q

Monocytes

A

Phagocytic
“Clean up” crew
Increase in number in chronic infections

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13
Q

Platelets

A

Fragments of cells involved in blood clotting

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14
Q

Leukocytosis

A

Above normal WBC due to infections

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15
Q

Leukopenia

A

Below normal WBC

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16
Q

Embolus

A

Moving clot

17
Q

Thrombocytopenia

A

Low platelet count results in trouble clotting
Petechiae is bleeding from capillaries - looks like purple dots

18
Q

What is the purpose of blood?

A

Transport everything that is carried from one place to another

19
Q

What does blood transport?

A

nutrients, waste, body heat, and hormones

20
Q

Formed elements

A

cellular portions of blood (erythrocytes, leukocytes, and agranulocytes)

21
Q

Plasma

A

Fluid portion of blood

22
Q

Buffy coat

A

white blood cell layer which occurs in a tube after whole blood is being spun

23
Q

What are the physical characteristics of blood?

A

Sticky, heavy, and thicker than water. Can be red or purple. Salty taste. Temperature is a little warmer than the body’s temperature

24
Q

What is the volume of blood in a healthy adult?

A

5-6 liters

25
Q

water makes up ___% of plasma

A

90

26
Q

Erythrocytes, Red blood cells, RBCs

A

no nucleus
filled with the protein hemoglobin carries oxygen
biconcave
5 million/mm3 of blood

27
Q

diapedesis

A

move out of blood vessels into tissues and vice versa

28
Q

Neutrophils

A

most numerus
phagocytic
numbers increase during short term infections

29
Q

histamine

A

inflammatory signal
causes leaky blood vessels
attracts other WBCs through chemotaxis

30
Q

B cells

A

makes antibodies

31
Q

sickle cell anemia

A

genetic mutation in the hemoglobin gene
results in pointed RBCs that blood capillaries and burst
has been cured with gene editing

32
Q

polycythemia

A

above normal RBC count
due to some cancers, high altitudes, blood doping

33
Q

leukemia

A

bone marrow cancer
overproduction of immature WBCs

34
Q

thrombus

A

stationary clot

Bio 163 (1 decks)

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