Chapter 10 - Blood

Question 1

Anemia

Answer 1

Decrease in oxygen-carrying capacity of blood
Due to the decrease in either RBCs or hemoglobin

Question 2

Hemophilia

Answer 2

Genetic mutation in clotting factors

Question 3

Hemolytic disease of the newborn

Answer 3

Rh- mothers antibodies destroy Rh+ newborns RBCs

Question 4

Hematocrit

Answer 4

Percentage of erythrocytes to total blood volume

Question 5

Leukocytes , White blood cells, WBCs

Answer 5

Diapedesis
Chemotaxis
4,800-10,800 cells/mm3
Granulocytes

Question 6

Chemotaxis

Answer 6

Move towards certain molecules (foreign invaders or the body’s alarm signals)

Question 7

Granulocytes

Answer 7

Neutrophils, Eosinophils, and Basophils

Question 8

Eosinophils

Answer 8

Defend against parasitic worms

Question 9

Basophils

Answer 9

Rarest
Produce histamine

Question 10

Agranulocytes

Answer 10

Lymphocytes
Monocytes mature into macrophages

Question 11

Lymphocytes

Answer 11

B and T cells
Responsible for adaptive immunity and long term immunity

Question 12

Monocytes

Answer 12

Phagocytic
“Clean up” crew
Increase in number in chronic infections

Question 13

Platelets

Answer 13

Fragments of cells involved in blood clotting

Question 14

Leukocytosis

Answer 14

Above normal WBC due to infections

Question 15

Leukopenia

Answer 15

Below normal WBC

Question 16

Embolus

Answer 16

Moving clot

Question 17

Thrombocytopenia

Answer 17

Low platelet count results in trouble clotting
Petechiae is bleeding from capillaries - looks like purple dots

Question 18

What is the purpose of blood?

Answer 18

Transport everything that is carried from one place to another

Question 19

What does blood transport?

Answer 19

nutrients, waste, body heat, and hormones

Question 20

Formed elements

Answer 20

cellular portions of blood (erythrocytes, leukocytes, and agranulocytes)

Question 21

Plasma

Answer 21

Fluid portion of blood

Question 22

Buffy coat

Answer 22

white blood cell layer which occurs in a tube after whole blood is being spun

Question 23

What are the physical characteristics of blood?

Answer 23

Sticky, heavy, and thicker than water. Can be red or purple. Salty taste. Temperature is a little warmer than the body’s temperature

Question 24

What is the volume of blood in a healthy adult?

Answer 24

5-6 liters

Question 25

water makes up ___% of plasma

Answer 25

90

Question 26

Erythrocytes, Red blood cells, RBCs

Answer 26

no nucleus
filled with the protein hemoglobin carries oxygen
biconcave
5 million/mm3 of blood

Question 27

diapedesis

Answer 27

move out of blood vessels into tissues and vice versa

Question 28

Neutrophils

Answer 28

most numerus
phagocytic
numbers increase during short term infections

Question 29

histamine

Answer 29

inflammatory signal
causes leaky blood vessels
attracts other WBCs through chemotaxis

Question 30

B cells

Answer 30

makes antibodies

Question 31

sickle cell anemia

Answer 31

genetic mutation in the hemoglobin gene
results in pointed RBCs that blood capillaries and burst
has been cured with gene editing

Question 32

polycythemia

Answer 32

above normal RBC count
due to some cancers, high altitudes, blood doping

Question 33

leukemia

Answer 33

bone marrow cancer
overproduction of immature WBCs

Question 34

thrombus

Answer 34

stationary clot