Chapter 10 and 11 Flashcards
Light colored streaks around a lunar crater
Rays
The only planet that takes longer to rotate on its axis than to orbit the sun
Venus
The brightest summer star
Vega
The center part of a coment
nucleus
What star is found near Orion’s belt
Sirius
Mors’s moon that orbits closer and more quickly
Phobos
How do we know that the sun is spinning
movement of sunspots
Why is Pluto a dwarf planet
Its gravity does not affect other objects
The imaginary band in the sky
Zodiac
What constellation is the Teapot asterism
Sagittarius
A large, dense object that light can not escape from
Black hole
A loose clump of stars
Open cluster
The measurement based on the speed of light
Light year
Space debris left by a comet
Meteoriod stream
What planetary property does Kepler’s third law relate to
the period of a planet
The most volcanically active body?
Io
The bulging shape of the growing moon
Waxing gibbous
Large clouds of gas and dust
Nebulae
The asteroids that are in Jupiter’s orbit are called
Trojan asteroids
Aristrole’s view of the universe
Geocentric
Distance on the celestial sphere is measured as an?
Angle
The planet discovered with math
Neptune
A star like object, but is a black hole
Quasar
Stellar parallax is measured from where?
The star
The most rapidly orbiting planet
Mercury
The first classified asteriod
Ceres
A small cool, and dim star
White dwarf
Why do we use solar observations to study the sun’s transition region
It releases ultraviolet radiation
A rapidly roatting neutron star that emits beans of radio waves
Pulsar
The coldest Neptunian satellite
Triton
A star in the Summer Triangle
Altair
A small group of galaxies
Clump
What determines the brightness of a star
Temperature
When earth approaches aphelion
the orbital speed decreases
The idea that the solar system from from a cloud of gas and sut
nebular hypothesis
Saturn’s moon that orbits the opposite direction
Phoebe
The “north star”
Polaris
How many planets were originally known
five
Who proposed a heliocentric view
Copernicus
A chunk of space debris that has reached earth’s surface
Meteorite
The brightness of a star as viewed from earth
apparent magnitude
What defines a lunar month
Time for the moon to go through all of its phases
The color sequence of visible light
Visible spectrum
What is formed by ordering all types of electromagnetic waves by increases frequency and decreasing wavelength
Electromagnetic spectrum
What is the term for moving the clocks up one hour
summer time
What is the term for a satellites lowest position around the earth
Perigee
What orbit is perpendicular to the equator
polar orbit
The most fuel efficient way for spacecraft to move between orbits
Hohmann transfer orbit
What is it called when a satellite crosses the earth in the same spot every day
sun synchronous orbit
What instrument uses low frequency waves (Not light) to observe areas
Radio telescope
A Calander that uses the lunar year with an extra month in certain years to stay in step with the seasons
Jewish
A telescope that uses a large, curved mirror as the objective
Reflecting
The first type of spacecraft designed to be rused
space shuttle
The unit of time that is not based on the motion of a heavenly body
Week
An unmanned spacecraft launched specifically to explore the unknown
space probe
The first artificial object to orbit the earth
Sputnik 1
The two points at which a spacecraft must be traveling to leave Earth’s gravity without using its rockets anymore
Escape velocity
The two points at which the apparent path of the sun crosses the celestial equator
Equinoxes
How do Earth observations satellites work
detecting different forms of electromagnetic radiation
Which type of satellites help defend countries against attack
Military
What type of satellites are the satellites are the satellites of the Global Positioning system
Navigational satellites
What was teh third nation to successfully launch a amanned spacecraft?
China
What was the first space station launched
Salut I
At what point in its orbit does an Earth orbiting satellite travel the fastest
When it is closet to Earth
What factor affects the lengths of the seasons
Distance to the sun
A.D. stands for
Anno Domini
A satellite stapys in orbit at the same point on the earth’s surface
Geostationary
The suns northernmost and southernmost points on the ecliptic
Solstices
A combition of liquid chimicals that expand greatly when they react with each other is a
liquid fuel rocket
The narrow dark lines in a color spectrum from a prism
Absorption lines
A satellite that can detect radiation that cannon penetrate Earth’s atmosphere
Astronomical satellite
Any activity performed by an astronaut outside a spacecraft is
EVA
The first person to travel in space
Yuri Gagarin
The first American to orbit the earth
John Glenn
The first Chinese astronaut
Yang Liwei
The fother of modern rocketry
Robert Goddard
The first human being to set foot on the moon
Neil Armstrong
If the frequency of a sample is lower what can be concluded?
The star is traveling away from earth because its spectrum is redshifted
What is the main difference between reflecting and refracting telescopes
Reflecting uses mirrors
WHy a solar and sidereal day are not the same length
The length of the solar day depends on teh sun’s poisiotn on the ecliptic
What direction would someone in London have to look to see Betelgeuse
South because Betelgeuse is near the celestial equator
At an altitude of 800km, a satellite is moving at 26,500 kmh. The other side of the orbit is moving at 28,000 kmh. What can you determine about the satellite’s altitude at this point?
It is lower than 800 km because the satellite sped up
