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Pharmacology > Chapter 10 -Analgesic Drugs > Flashcards

Chapter 10 -Analgesic Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Opioid analgesic MOA

A

Agonists , agonists -antagonist , or antagonist (non analgesics )

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2
Q

Opioid analgesics drug class

A

Analgesic

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3
Q

Opioid analgesics indications

A

Moderate to severe pain -acute pain
Cough suppression ; treatment of diarrhea ; balanced anesthesia

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4
Q

Opioid analgesics contraindications

A

Drug allergy and severe asthma
Extreme caution in pt with : respiratory insufficiency , elevated ICP, morbid obesity , and or sleep apnea , paralytic ileus , pregnancy

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5
Q

Opioid analgesics nursing implications

A

Monitor : vital signs , respiratory rate , urinary output , bowel sounds , pupillary reflex

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6
Q

Opioid analgesics client teaching

A

-Opioids should not be taken with alcohol or other CNS depressants
-may result in constipation .increase fluids , fiber , stool softeners , and exercise
-no driving or operating heavy machinery and ambulate with caution

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7
Q

Common prescribed opioid analgesics

A

Fentanyl , sufentanil , oxycodone , hydrophone , morphine sulfate , methadone , codeine sulfate , meperidine HCI

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8
Q

Opioid analgesics adverse effects

A

-CNS depression : sedation , disorientation , euphoria , lightheadedness , dysphoria
-Respiratory depression
-CV: hypotension, bradycardia, orthodontic hypotension

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9
Q

Opioid analgesics side effects

A

-GI: nausea , vomiting , constipation
-GU: urinary retention
-Skin : itching , flushing , rash , diaphoresis
-pupil constriction

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10
Q

Opioid analgesics interactions

A

-Alcohol
-antihistamines
-barbiturates
-benzodiazepines
-monoamine oxidase inhibitors

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11
Q

Opioid analgesics black box warning

A

All opioids + benzodiazepines

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12
Q

Opioid analgesics lab interactions

A

Increase :
-amylase
- lipase
-ALT
-creatinine kinase
- alkaline phosphatase
-bilirubin
-lactate dehydrogenase

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13
Q

Opioid analgesics reversal agent

A

Naloxone (Narcon) - antagonist

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14
Q

Nalaxone (narcan ) indication

A

-toxicity and management of overdose
-regardless of withdrawal symptoms when a pt experiences severe respiratory depression , an opioid antagonist should be given

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15
Q

Naloxone (narcan ) administration

A

IV, IM, SQ
-0.4mg usually given IV over 15 seconds or less

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16
Q

Naloxone (Narcan ) adverse effects

A

-opioid withdrawal / opioid abstinence syndrome
-cramping
-Htn
- vomiting
-tachycardia
-tachypena

17
Q

Tramadol moa

A

Weak bond with mu , inhibits reuptake of serotoni norepinephrine

18
Q

Tramadol indication

A

Moderate to serve pain

19
Q

Tramadol administration

A

PO

20
Q

Tramadol adverse effects

A

-CNS depression : sedation , disorientation , euphoria , lightheadedness , dysphoria
-respiratory depression
- cv : hypotension , bradycardia , orthostatic hypotension
-Seizures

21
Q

Non-opioid analgesics example

A

Acetaminophen (Tylenol )

22
Q

Non-opioid analgesics example

A

Acetaminophen (Tylenol )

23
Q

Acetaminophen (Tylenol )

A

-analgesic and antipyretic effects
-little to no anti inflammatory effects
- routes : Po, rectal , Iv

24
Q

Non-opioid analgesics MOA

A

-Blocks peripheral pain impulses by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis
*prostaglandin is a chemical mediator that sensitizes nerve cells to pain *
- lowers body temp by acting on hypothalamus

25
Q

Non-opioid analgesics indications

A

-mild to moderate pain
-fever
- alternative for those who cannot take aspirin products

26
Q

Non-opioid analgesics dosage

A

-Maximum daily dose healthy adults : 3000 mg/ day
-elderly or those with liver disease: 2000 mg/ day
- overdose : hepatotoxicity

27
Q

Non opioid analgesics interactions

A

-other hepatotoxic drugs : phenytoin , barbiturates , increased risk liver toxicity , rifampin , b blockers , anticholinergics
- warfarin slows ( increased levels warfarin , increased risk bleeding )

28
Q

Non-opioid analgesics nursing considerations

A
  • for short term use : consult before using in children younger than 2 and crosses into breast milk
  • monitor LFT for those on long term therapy
    -with use of NSAIDS , assess kidney and liver function , gi disorders

Pharmacology (3 decks)

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