Chapter 10

Question 1

___________ requires that all operations of a transaction be completed.

Answer 1

Atomicity

Question 2

__________ means that data used during the execution of a transaction cannot be used by a second transaction until the first one is completed.

Answer 2

Isolation

Question 3

All transactions must display __________.

Answer 3

Atomicity, Durability, Consistency, and Isolation

Question 4

A single-user database system automatically ensures ________________ of the database, because only one transaction is executed at a time.

Answer 4

Serializability and Isolation

Question 5

The ANSI has defined standards that govern SQL database transactions. Transaction support is provided by two SQL statements: ____________ and ROLLBACK.

Answer 5

COMMIT

Question 6

ANSI defines four events that signal the end of a transaction. Of the following events, which is defined by ANSI as being equivalent to a COMMIT?

Answer 6

The end of a program is successfully reached.

Question 7

ANSI defines four events that signal the end of a transaction. Of the following events, which is defined by ANSI as being equivalent to a ROLLBACK?

Answer 7

The program is abnormally terminated.

Question 8

The implicit beginning of a transaction is ______________.

Answer 8

When the first SQL statement is encountered.

Question 9

The information stored in the ___________ is used by the DBMS for a recovery requirement triggered by a ROLLBACK statement, a program’s abnormal termination, or a system failure such as a network discrepancy or a disk crash.

Answer 9

Transaction Log

Question 10

One of the three most common data integrity and consistency problems is ___________.

Answer 10

Lost Updates

Question 11

_____________ occurs when a transaction accesses data before and after one or more other transactions finish working with such data.

Answer 11

Inconsistent Retrievals

Question 12

As long as two transactions, T1 and T2, access ____________ data, there is no conflict, and the order of execution is irrelevant to the final outcome.

Answer 12

Unrelated

Question 13

A ___________ lock prevents the use of any tables in the database from one transaction while another transaction is being processed.

Answer 13

Database-Level

Question 14

______________ are required to prevent another transaction from reading inconsistent data.

Answer 14

Locks

Question 15

The ____________ manager is responsible for assigning and policing the locks used by the transactions.

Answer 15

Lock

Question 16

Lock _______________ indicates the level of lock use.

Answer 16

Granularity

Question 17

A_____________ lock locks the entire table preventing access to any row by a transaction while another transaction is using the table.

Answer 17

Table-Level

Question 18

A___________ lock locks the entire diskpage.

Answer 18

Page-Level

Question 19

A diskpage, or page, is the equivalent of a ___________.

Answer 19

Diskblock

Question 20

A __________ lock allows concurrent transactions to access different rows of the same table.

Answer 20

Row-Level