Chapter 10 Flashcards
Middle Cerebral Artery Infarct in the superior division could affect
speech and language
Middle Cerebral Artery Infarct in the inferior division could affect
Sensory understanding of language
Left frontal lobe is involved in
Motor area for language
What are leticulostriate arteries
Deep penetrating arteries
Stroke patients
Result of a MCA stroke - often paralyzed on one side of the body
Anterior Cerebral artery supplies what part of the brain
medial part of the brain
An infart to the anterior cerebral artery - would cause
sensory and motor problems to the legs and pelvis
Warning signs of ischemia
Face (has their face fallen on one side?
Arm: can they raise both arms nd keep them there
Speech: is their speech slurred
Time: how fast did it happen - maybe time to call 911
If the speech is slurred what area of the brain would have been affected?
Broca’s area
Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)
- what is it
- how long does it last for
- mechanism
Neurological deficit
Stroke symptoms are
neurological
Thrombin stroke
- describe
Stationary clot
symptoms are gradual
Symptoms more likely in morning when BP is low
Deficits are always the same distribution in repeated attacks
Embolic stroke
-describe
Deficits are maximum at onset
sudden onset
usually with exercise
repeat events will be different locations
Septic emboli comes from
bacterial endocarditis (rheumatic fever –> street throat)
Cholesterol (fat) emboli comes from
long bone fractures
Air emboli
- aka?
air getting trapped din the lugs - has to be 300 ml or more - deep sea divers
aka Bends disease
Cardiac embolus
from atherosclerosis
List the sources of emboli
Air
Septic embolus
cholesterol embolus
Cardiac embolus
Hypertensive stroke is due to
vascular changes of hypertension and atherosclerosis
Hypertensive stroke affects what structures in the brain?
Usually basal ganglia
Thalamus
Cerebellum
Pons
Hypertensive stroke will involve what arteries?
Lenticulostriae arteries = small arteries
Stroke risk factors include
Hypertension Diabetes Hypercholesterolemia Cigarette smoking Family history of stroke (past history of stroke) Heart disease or anomaly
Carotid artery stenosis is due to
atherosclerosis
Carotid artery stenosis affected arteries include:
What finding could we suspect?
Anterior Cerebral artery
Middle cerebral artery
ophthalmic artery
- Bruit
Carotid artery stenosis can affect the ophthalmic artery which can cause
one eye blindness
Arterial Dissection is due to
head or neck trauma
Arterial dissection cause tear of _______. Which can lead to what?
tunica intimate of carotid or vertebral arteries - blood flows into this tear and balloons out leading to an aneurysm - thrombus is now formed
Carotid dissection often presents with ipsilateralturbulent sound with heart beat and ____ syndrome
horner’s syndrome
Vertebral artery dissection leads to _______ headache
Suboccipital - posterior neck pain
