Chapter 10

Question 1

nonmechanical energy

Answer 1

the energy possessed by microscopic particles

Question 2

energy

Answer 2

the ability to do work

Question 3

work

Answer 3

when an object moves in response to a force applied to the object

Question 4

kinetic energy

Answer 4

energy of motion

Question 5

potential energy

Answer 5

stored energy

Question 6

temperature

Answer 6

based on the sensations of hot and cold. it is a measurement of the kinetic energy of the particles in an object

Question 7

heat

Answer 7

a form of nonmechanical energy

Question 8

specific heat

Answer 8

the amount of energy required to raise 1 gram of a substance to 1 C

Question 9

6 forms of nonmechanical energy

Answer 9

chemical, electrical, electromagnetic (light), sound, magnetic, and heat

Question 10

is temperature a measure of heat

Answer 10

no, heat is a form of nonmechanical energy, but temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy in an object based on motion

Question 11

C to K

Answer 11

+ 273°

Question 12

calorimeter

Answer 12

a reaction chamber surrounded by a known mass of water

Question 13

law of conversation of energy

Answer 13

energy is neither created nor destroyed during a chemical change. it can be converted from one form to another

Question 14

work equation

Answer 14

work = force x distance

Question 15

unit for energy

Answer 15

joule (J)

Question 16

exothermic

Answer 16

releases energy into surrounding - burning, freezing, condensation - negative delta H, Hr > Hp

Question 17

endothermic

Answer 17

absorbs heat energy - cold pack, boiling, melting - delta H is positive, Hr

Question 18

delta H

Answer 18

enthalpy / heat energy

Question 19

for determining how much heat is required, the specific heat, and final temperature

Answer 19

Q = M x (delta T) x Cp
Heat = Mass x Change in temp x Specific heat 

Q lost = Q gained
2 substances combined eventually become the same heat/temp

Question 20

how much heat is released using equation

Answer 20

4 Fe + 3 O2 = 2 Fe2O3
delta H = -1653 KJ
10.0 g Fe x (1 mole Fe / 55.8 g Fe) x (1653 KJ / 4 mole Fe) -
dimensional analysis

Question 21

mechanical energy

Answer 21

the energy possessed by macroscopic particles