Chapter 10

Question 1

The activities that go into producing an information system to address an organizational problem or to take advantage of an opportunity is called:

Answer 1

Systems development

Question 2

What are some of the challenges of developing information systems?

Answer 2

• Time
• Cost
• Organizational changes associated with the new IS
• Deciding where and how to use the new IS
• New IS should evolve as the organization evolves
• New IS should meet employee needs to help become more productive

Question 3

What are the different successes/failures of developing info systems?

Answer 3

• Increase or decrease in revenue
• Prevent or incur liabilities
• Increased or decreased productivity
• Repair or damage brand reputation

Question 4

The overall process for developing info systems is called:

Answer 4

Systems development lifecycle (SDLC)

Question 5

What are the 7 phases of the systems development lifecycle?

Answer 5

1) Planning
2) Analysis
3) Design
4) Development
5) Testing
6) Implementation
7) Maintenance

Question 6

Which phase involves describing the desired features and operations of the system?

Answer 6

Design phase

Question 7

Which phase involves analyzing user requirements and refining project goals into defined functions on the system?

Answer 7

Analysis phase

Question 8

Which phase involves bringing all the project pieces together into a special testing environment to test for errors, bugs, etc?

Answer 8

Testing phase

Question 9

Which phase involves establishing a high-level plan of the intended project and creating project goals?

Answer 9

Planning phase

Question 10

Which phase involves taking all of the detailed design documents from the design phase and transforming them into the actual system?

Answer 10

Development phase

Question 11

Which phase involves performing changes, corrections, additions, and upgrades to ensure the system continues to meet the business goals?

Answer 11

Maintenance phase

Question 12

Which phase involves placing the system into production so users can begin to perform actual business operations with the system?

Answer 12

Implementation phase

Question 13

What are the 4 main implementation methods?

Answer 13

1) Parallel
2) Direct
3) Phased
4) Pilot

Question 14

What are the 4 types of maintenance?

Answer 14

1) Adaptive (making changes to make new business requirements)
2) Corrective (repairing defective systems)
3) Perfective (making changes to enhance the system)
4) Preventive (making changes to reduce the chance of future failures)

Question 15

A set of policies, procedures, standards, processes, practices, tools, techniques, and tasks that people apply to technical and management challenges is called:

Answer 15

A methodology

Question 16

What are the 3 different systems development methodologies?

Answer 16

1) Waterfall
2) Agile
3) Participatory design (PD)

Question 17

A sequential, activity-based process in which each phase in the SDLC is performed sequentially is:

Answer 17

Waterfall methodology

Question 18

Focusing on early and continuous delivery of the useful system components meeting minimum requirements is:

Answer 18

Agile methodology

Question 19

Creating opportunities for mutual learning between users and designers is called:

Answer 19

Participatory design (PD)

Question 20

What emphasizes extensive user involvement in the rapid and evolutionary construction of working prototypes?

Answer 20

Rapid application development (RAD) - it is a form of agile methodology

Question 21

A scaled down representation or working model of the users’ requirements is called a:

Answer 21

Prototype

Question 22

What are the different keys to success?

Answer 22

• Slash the budget (makes you focus on essentials)
• If it doesn’t work, kill it (assess the system)
• Keep requirements to a minimum (start the project with what HAS to be done)
• Test and deliver frequently
• Assign non-IT executives to software projects (test the IS to make sure it meets user needs)

Question 23

The application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project activities to meet project requirements is called:

Answer 23

Project management

Question 24

What are the consequences of failed projects?

Answer 24

• Damaged brand
• Lost goodwill
• Dissolution of partnerships
• Lost investment opportunities
• Low morale

Question 25

What are the 3 primary project variables?

Answer 25

Time, cost, and scope

Question 26

What are the three ways to choose strategic projects?

Answer 26

Focus on organizations goals, categorize projects, perform a financial analysis

Question 27

New requirements imposed by management, government, or some other external influence are called:

Answer 27

Directives

Question 28

A formal, approved document that manages and controls project execution is called a:

Answer 28

Project plan

Question 29

What defines the work that must be completed to deliver a system with the specified features and functions, and typically includes the SMART criteria?

Answer 29

Project scope

Question 30

What does the SMART criteria consist of?

Answer 30

• Specific
• Measurable
• Agreed upon
• Realistic
• Time-framed

Question 31

A graphical network model that depicts a project’s tasks and the relationship between those tasks is a:

Answer 31

PERT chart

Question 32

A simple chart that depicts project tasks against a calendar is called a:

Answer 32

Gantt chart

Question 33

What are the 3 primary areas that a project manager must focus on?

Answer 33

1) People
2) Communications
3) Change

Question 34

Using the professional expertise within an organization to develop and maintain the organization’s IS is called:

Answer 34

Insourcing

Question 35

When one organization provides services for another organization that chooses not to perform them in-house is called:

Answer 35

Outsourcing