Chapter 10 Flashcards
The activities that go into producing an information system to address an organizational problem or to take advantage of an opportunity is called:
Systems development
What are some of the challenges of developing information systems?
- Time
- Cost
- Organizational changes associated with the new IS
- Deciding where and how to use the new IS
- New IS should evolve as the organization evolves
- New IS should meet employee needs to help become more productive
What are the different successes/failures of developing info systems?
- Increase or decrease in revenue
- Prevent or incur liabilities
- Increased or decreased productivity
- Repair or damage brand reputation
The overall process for developing info systems is called:
Systems development lifecycle (SDLC)
What are the 7 phases of the systems development lifecycle?
1) Planning
2) Analysis
3) Design
4) Development
5) Testing
6) Implementation
7) Maintenance
Which phase involves describing the desired features and operations of the system?
Design phase
Which phase involves analyzing user requirements and refining project goals into defined functions on the system?
Analysis phase
Which phase involves bringing all the project pieces together into a special testing environment to test for errors, bugs, etc?
Testing phase
Which phase involves establishing a high-level plan of the intended project and creating project goals?
Planning phase
Which phase involves taking all of the detailed design documents from the design phase and transforming them into the actual system?
Development phase
Which phase involves performing changes, corrections, additions, and upgrades to ensure the system continues to meet the business goals?
Maintenance phase
Which phase involves placing the system into production so users can begin to perform actual business operations with the system?
Implementation phase
What are the 4 main implementation methods?
1) Parallel
2) Direct
3) Phased
4) Pilot
What are the 4 types of maintenance?
1) Adaptive (making changes to make new business requirements)
2) Corrective (repairing defective systems)
3) Perfective (making changes to enhance the system)
4) Preventive (making changes to reduce the chance of future failures)
A set of policies, procedures, standards, processes, practices, tools, techniques, and tasks that people apply to technical and management challenges is called:
A methodology
What are the 3 different systems development methodologies?
1) Waterfall
2) Agile
3) Participatory design (PD)
A sequential, activity-based process in which each phase in the SDLC is performed sequentially is:
Waterfall methodology
Focusing on early and continuous delivery of the useful system components meeting minimum requirements is:
Agile methodology
Creating opportunities for mutual learning between users and designers is called:
Participatory design (PD)
What emphasizes extensive user involvement in the rapid and evolutionary construction of working prototypes?
Rapid application development (RAD) - it is a form of agile methodology
A scaled down representation or working model of the users’ requirements is called a:
Prototype
What are the different keys to success?
- Slash the budget (makes you focus on essentials)
- If it doesn’t work, kill it (assess the system)
- Keep requirements to a minimum (start the project with what HAS to be done)
- Test and deliver frequently
- Assign non-IT executives to software projects (test the IS to make sure it meets user needs)
The application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project activities to meet project requirements is called:
Project management
What are the consequences of failed projects?
- Damaged brand
- Lost goodwill
- Dissolution of partnerships
- Lost investment opportunities
- Low morale
