Chapter 10 Flashcards
A form in which matter exists
State
The ability to do work or cause change. All states of matter contained this
Energy
What happens when heat is added or removed from a system
The temperature of substances in the system increases if he is added or if you just removed from my system the temperature decreases.
If enough heat is added to or removed from a system what happens
substances in the system will change state
Has a definite shape and volume with an orderly arrangement of particles
Solid
Definite volume but no definite shape particles are packed tightly but not as rigid the as in a solid today move around one another
Liquid
No definite shape or no definite volume with particles that move and spread apart to fill the entire space/container
Gas
When air or gas is ionized what forms with conductive properties similar to those of metals . It is the most abundant form of matter in the universe
Plasma
A transfer of energy that causes changes in matter by allowing particles and I’ve asked to vibrate faster
Heat
What is potential energy
The energy that results from that position or shape of an object. Higher up = more potential energy
What is kinetic energy
The energy that results from the motion of an object
How do you get mechanical energy
Potential energy plus Kinetic Energy
What is mechanical energy
Energy that is associated with the position shape or motion of an object
What is thermal energy
The total kinetic and potential energy of all the particles in an object
Thermal energy that is transferred
Heat
How does energy flow
From a hotter object to a cooler object. One direction
What is nuclear energy
A type of potential energy stored in the nucleus of an atom. Released during a nuclear reaction
What is electrical energy
The energy of electric charges
What is electromagnetic energy
A form of energy that travels through space in waves
What is chemical energy
Potential energy stored in chemical bonds which hold atoms together
Example of a single transformation of energy
Example and you’re probably food is chemical energy then transferred into mechanical energy to move your muscles
Example of a multiple transformation of energy
Car engine equals electrical energy of a spark to thermal energy Turleys chemical energy in the gas then mechanical energy to move
What happens when energy is transformed
The energy is conserved it is neither lost or created
What is the law of conservation of energy
It states energy is neither lost nor crated during a transformation
What is friction
The force that one surface exerts on another surface when two surfaces rub against each other
What happens when the energy of a system is exposed to friction
The energy may decrease but overall energy in the system is neither lost nor created. In fact, the heat produced by friction is evidence that energy is conserved
What is convection
A type of heat transfer that okay is only in fluids such as water and air
What is a convection current
The flow of air that creates a circular motion
What is radiation
The transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves. Transfer does not require matter
What is conduction
The transfers heat from one particle of matter to another within an object or between two objects
What is temperature is a measure of
How hot or cold something is compared to a reference point
What happens as an object heats up
Particles move faster and an increase in kinetic energy and temperature
What is thermal energy 2
The total energy of all the particles in an object
What determines an object thermal energy
The temperature, the number of particles in the object, and how those particles are arranged
What is heat measured in
Joules
