Chapter 10 Flashcards
1
Q
angi/o
A
blood vessel
2
Q
ather/o
A
yellowish/fatty plaque
3
Q
isch/o
A
deficiency, blockage
4
Q
-sclerosis
A
hardening
5
Q
-apheresis
A
removal
6
Q
angioma
A
tumor of a blood vessel
7
Q
thrombophlebitis
A
inflammation of vein associated with blood clot
8
Q
pericarditis
A
inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart
9
Q
angiostenosis
A
narrowing of a blood vessel
10
Q
arteriosclerosis
A
hardening of the arteries
11
Q
atherosclerosis
A
hardening of the yellow fatty plaque
12
Q
spleen
A
stores blood and destroys worn out red blood cells
13
Q
ischemia
A
deficiency in blood flow
14
Q
thrombus
A
blood clot attached to interior wall of artery or vein
15
Q
thrombosis
A
abnormal condition of blood clot
16
Q
embolus
A
plug, blood clot or foreign material, such as air or fat, that enters the blood stream and moves until it lodges at another point in circulation
17
Q
embolism
A
state of plug, blood clot or foreign material, such as air or fat, that enters the blood stream and moves until it lodges at another point in circulation
18
Q
anemia
A
condition in which there is a reduction in the number of erythrocytes (RBC’s)
19
Q
fibrillation
A
rapid, quivering, uncoordinated contractions of the atria or ventricles causing cardiac arrhythmia
20
Q
cardiogenic
A
originating in the heart
21
Q
hypertension (HTN)
A
blood pressure above normal
22
Q
hypotension
A
blood pressure below normal
23
Q
occlusion
A
closing or blockage of blood vessel or hollow organ
24
Q
murmur
A
unusual sound heard during auscultation of heart caused by turbulent blood flow
25
bruit
sound heard over an artery during auscultation resulting from vibration in the vessel wall caused by turbulent blood flow
26
vasodilator
agent that expands diameter of blood vessels
27
vasoconstrictor
agent that narrows the diameter of blood vessels
28
cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
emergency procedure consisting of external cardiac compressions and possible artificial ventilation
29
defibrillation
Application of electric shock to the myocardium through the chest wall to restore cardiac rhythm
30
Varicose veins
distended or tortuous veins usually found in the lower extremities
31
angina pectoris
chest pain, which may radiate to the left arm and jaw, that occurs when there is an insufficient supply of blood to the heart muscle
32
arrhythmia
any disturbance or abnormality in the heart's normal rhythmic pattern
33
hypertensive heart disease (HHD)
disorder of the heart caused by persistent high blood pressure
34
Aneurysm
ballooning of a weakened portion of an arterial wall
35
Heart failure
condition in which there is an inability of the heart to pump enough blood through the body to supply the tissues and organs with nutrients and oxygen
36
myocardial infarction (MI)
death of a portion of the myocardium caused by lack of oxygen resulting from an interrupted blood supply (heart attack)
37
Cardiac arrest
sudden cessation of cardiac output and effective circulation, which requires CPR
38
coronary artery disease (CAD)
Reduces the amount of blood the coronary arteries can deliver to the myocardium; may progress to depriving heart tissue of sufficient oxygen and nutrients to function normally
39
deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
condition of thrombus (blood clot) in a deep vein of the body. occurs in lower extremities and can break off and travel to lungs causing pulmonary embolism
40
intermittent claudication
condition of pain, tension and weakness in a limb that starts when walking is begun, increases until walking is no longer possible, and then completely resolves when the patient is at rest
41
Phlebotomy
incision into a vein with a needle to remove blood for testing
42
Hemostasis
stoppage of bleeding
43
Bleeding disorder
disease in which there is an inability to form proper blood clots
44
thrombolysis
dissolution of a clot
45
Anticoagulant
agent that slows the blood clotting process
46
plasmapheresis
removal of plasma (from withdrawn blood)
47
Hemophilia
inherited bleeding disease most commonly caused by a deficiency of the coagulation factor VIII
48
Leukemia
malignant disease characterized by excessive increase in abnormal leukocytes formed in the bone marrow
49
Thalassemia
inherited bleeding disorder causing reduced production of healthy blood cells and hemoglobin
50
sickle cell disease
group of inherited red blood cell disorders (anemias) where hemoglobin is abnormally shaped and has a shorter life cycle
51
Sepsis
systemic inflammatory response caused by pathogenic microorganisms, usually bacteria, entering the bloodstream and multiplying
52
Allergen
environmental substance capable of producing an immediate hypersensitivity reaction in the body.
## Footnote
Ex; dust, pollen, animal dander, food
53
Anaphylaxis
exaggerated reaction to a previously encountered antigen such as bee venom, peanuts, or latex. Symptoms can be mild at first but can lead to a drop in blood pressure and blockage of airways. Can lead to death in minutes
54
Lymphocyte
lymph cell (a type of white blood cell found in lymph tissue that is part of the immune system and fights infection)
55
lymphedema
swelling of tissue, usually of one arm or leg, caused by faulty lymphatic drainage
56
infectious mononucleosis
acute infection caused by the Epstein-Barr virus characterized by swollen lymph nodes, sore throat, fatigue, and fever
57
autoimmune disease
disease caused by the body's inability to distinguish its own cells from foreign bodies, thus producing antibodies that attack its own tissue
58
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
advanced, chronic immune system suppression caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection
59
opportunistic infection
illnesses caused by microorganisms that are not usually pathogenic but result in disease because of a weakened immune system
60
endarterectomy
excision within the artery (excision of plaque from the arterial wall)
61
valvuloplasty
surgical repair of a cardiac or venous valve
62
angioplasty
surgical repair of a blood vessel
63
Atherectomy
excision of fatty plaque
64
embolectomy
excision of plug (an embolus or clot) usually within balloon catheter
65
Pericardiocentesis
surgical puncture to aspirate fluid from the sac surrounding the heart
66
Pacemaker
battery-powered apparatus implanted under the skin with leads placed on the heart or in the chamber of the heart used to treat an abnormal heart rhythm, usually one that is too slow
67
Coronary stent
supportive scaffold device placed in the coronary artery; used to prevent closure of the artery after angioplasty or atherectomy; used to treat an artery occluded by plaque
68
catheter ablation
procedure in which abnormal cells that trigger abnormal heart rhythms are destroyed by using a device that heats or freezes the cells
69
coronary artery bypass graft
surgical technique to bring a new blood supply to heart muscle by detouring around blocked arteries
70
percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
balloon is advanced into the coronary artery to the area where plaque has formed. Balloon is inflated, the vessel wall expands, allowing blood to flow more freely
71
Bone marrow aspiration
procedure to obtain a sample of liquid portion of bone marrow
72
Bone marrow biopsy
procedure to obtain a sample of solid portion of bone marrow
73
sphygmomanometer
blood pressure cuff
74
echocardiogram
record of the heart (structure and motion) using sound waves
75
electrocardiogram
record of the electrical activity of the heart
76
Cardiac catheterization
a diagnostic procedure in which a catheter is passed into a vein or artery in the leg and then guided into the heart
77
Coagulation time
blood test to determine the time it takes for blood to form a clot
78
Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
blood test used to monitor anticoagulation therapy for patients taking heparin, an intravenous anticoagulant medication
79
Prothrombin Time (PT)
blood test used that measures the ability of blood to clot by assessing extrinsic blood factors
80
lipid profile
blood test used to measure the amount and type of lipids in a sample of blood. Used to evaluate bleeding disorders.
81
Hemocrit (HCT)
percentage of blood sample that is composed of erythrocytes. It is used in the diagnosis and evaluation of anemic patients.
82
Hemoglobin (HGB)
blood test that measures amount of hemoglobin present in given volume of blood
83
CBC with diff (complete blood count with differential)
laboratory test for basic blood screening that measures various aspects of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes (platelets); this automated test quickly provides a tremendous amount of information about blood.
84
Creating phosphokinase
CPK
85
cardiopulmonary resuscitation
CPR
86
electrocardiogram
ECG, EKG
87
echocardiogram
Echo
88
Hemocrit
HCT
89
Hemoglobin
Hgb
90
hypertensive heart disease
HHD
91
hypertension
HTN
92
myocardial infarction
MI
93
peripheral artery disease
PAD
94
Prothrombin time
PT
95
percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
PTCA
96
Activated partial thromboplastin time
aPTT
97
phleb/o, ven/o
vein
98
thromb/o
clot
99
100
101
What is cardiology?
Study of the heart, deals with diseases of the heart.
102
What is hyperlipidemia?
Excessive amount of any type of fat in the blood.
103
What is hypercholesterolemia?
Excessive amount of cholesterol in the blood.
104
What is mitral valve stenosis?
Narrowing of the mitral valve from scarring, usually caused by episodes of rheumatic fever.
105
Who is a hematologist?
Physician who studies and treats diseases of the blood.
106
Who is an immunologist?
Physician who studies and treats immune system disorders.
107
What is a bone marrow transplant?
Infusion of healthy bone marrow cells to a recipient with matching cells from a donor.
108
What is an excessive stress test?
Study that evaluates cardiac function during physical stress by riding a bike or walking on a treadmill.
109
What is heart failure?
HF.
110
What does cardi/o refer to?
Heart.
111
What does myel/o refer to?
Bone marrow.
112
What does ech/o refer to?
Sound.
113
What does electr/o refer to?
Electricity, electrical activity.
114
What does aort/o refer to?
Aorta.
115
What does arteri/o refer to?
Artery.
116
What does splen/o refer to?
Spleen.
117
What does ventricul/o refer to?
Ventricle.
118
What does atri/o refer to?
Atrium.
119
What does thym/o refer to?
Thymus gland.
120
What does valvul/o refer to?
Valve.
121
What does tachy- mean?
Fast, rapid.
122
What does brady- mean?
Slow.
123
What does pan- mean?
All.
124
What does poly- mean?
Many.
125
What does -rrhage mean?
Excessive flow.
126
What does -penia mean?
Abnormal reduction in number.
127
What does -oma mean?
Tumor.
128
What is lymphoma?
Tumor of lymphatic tissue.
129
What is endocarditis?
Inflammation of inner lining of heart.
130
What is valvulitis?
Inflammation of valve of heart.
131
What is bradycardia?
Slow heart rate.
132
What is tachycardia?
Fast heart rate.
133
What is cardiomyopathy?
Disease of heart muscle.
134
Who is an allergist?
Physician who studies and treats allergic conditions.
135
What is a splenectomy?
Excision of the spleen.
136
lymph/o
lymph, lymph tissue
137
lymphaden/o
lymph node
138
hematoma
tumor of blood
139
thyoma
tumor of the thymus gland
140
multiple myeloma
tumor of bone marrow
141
myocarditis
inflammation of the heart muscle
142
phlebitis
inflammation of vein
143
erythrocytopenia
abnormal reduction of red blood cells
144
leukocytopenia
abnormal reduction of white blood cells
145
pancytopenia
abnormal reduction of all blood cells
146
thrombocytopenia
abnormal reduction of blood clotting cells
147
splenomegaly
enlargement of the spleen
148
cardiomegaly
enlargement of heart
149
hemorrhage
excessive blood flow
