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FINAL EXAM PSYCH > chapter 10 > Flashcards

chapter 10 Flashcards

1
Q

define personality traits

A

components that build out personality

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2
Q

Sigmond Freud psychoanalytical iceberg: bottom of the iceberg means?

A

thought motivates and desires = unconscious

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3
Q

Freud iceberg: in between DESCRIBE IT

A

preconscious
ex… what did you eat yesterday? you don’t think about it until you’re asked

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4
Q

the Freudian Slip is?

A

something you think but you fit not intend to say “slip go the tongue”

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5
Q

Freud psychoanalysis Id/ego/super ego: explain Id

A

what are brain wants so satisfaction, when we are sleepy we want to sleep or when we are tired we want rest
its like a little devil sitting on your shoulder and it exists in the unconscious level

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6
Q

Freud psychoanalysis id/ego/superego: explain ego

A

this is for decision making like what is the appropriate decision based on our surrounding so this is like the angel on your shoulder

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7
Q

Freud psychoanalysis id/ego/superego; explain superego

A

our conscious in other words
for example we feel guilty is we do something wrong or proud if we do something right

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8
Q

Freud concluded that our behavior was based on the outcome of?

A

the conflict between id/ego/superego

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9
Q

internal conflict =

A

anxiety

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10
Q

Freud has #__ defense mechanisms of anxiety

A

8

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11
Q

what are the defense mechanisms of anxiety: #1 rationalization explain

A

using people = unacceptable behavior

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12
Q

what is the #2 (repression) defense mechanism of anxiety according to Freud

A

when a solider comes back from warm he BLOCKs what happened at war therefore he is keeping distressing thoughts and feeling buried in the unconscious

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13
Q

3 Projection defense mechanism is?

A

someone says “my boss doesn’t like me” so its our own thoughts to another

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14
Q

4 is displacement in the defense mechanism explain it

A

reduce emotions from conflicts

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15
Q

the #5th defense mechanism is reaction formation explain it

A

ignoring our feelings

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16
Q

6 regression in defense mechanism scale is …

A

when people don’t get their way so there is no ration conversation

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17
Q

7 is identification in the defense mechanism scale what is it?

A

we know someone who is depressed or alone but they join a fraternity to make them feel better about themselves so its like forming a person so they can boost their own self esteem

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18
Q

the last defense mechanism is sublimation explain it

A

the urge to punch people would not be okay but if you ant to join wrestling so join wrestling because it is SOCIALLY acceptable

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19
Q

define fixation

A

failure to move forward from one stage to another

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20
Q

freud also had development stages the first one was ____: explain it

A

oral
0-1 age: pleasure is stimulated by sucking, babbling, crying therefore the looking for breast or bottle

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21
Q

what happens if there is too much or too little in the oral stage

A

oral fixation occurs that can lead to depending on others in later childhood

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22
Q

Fred’s second development stage was ____: explain it

A

anal
1-3 age: toilet training and self control

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23
Q

too much pleasure in the anal stage can result in ? BUT too little can result in

A

obsession with clean,OCD & messiness

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24
Q

the 3rd stage in development is ____: explain it

A

phallic
3-6 age: stimulation of genitals

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25
a fixation of too much or too little in the phallic stage can cause confused sexual identity AKA ______ what does this mean?
oedipus this means being attracted to mother or father (relatives) which can lead to early masterbation
26
the 4th development stage was ____:explain it
latency stage 6-12 age: more sexually active can cause homosexuality
27
the 5th LAST development stage is______: explain...
genital puberty - adulthood: mature sexual relationships ... ESTABLISHING new relationships
28
what happens if we get too much or too little pleasure in these stages?
we become fixated in that specific stage that will make us focus way too much on the pleasures of that stage
29
when our drives and desires get our of control we may use....
1 or more defense mechanisms (form of denial) to protect ourselves.
30
Alder was another _____ theorist , he stopped working with Freud because?
psychodynamic he thought he talked and did too much research about sex he believed it was more than just sex
31
define Inferiority complex
it is an exaggerated feeling of weakness; this person thinks so low of themselves
32
define compensation
effort to make real inferiorities by focusing ones other abilities; you may be really bad at something so you make sure you're really good at something else
33
_____ _____ was another psychodynamic theorist that seperated humans into 2 types of personality: _____ vs _____
carl jung extrovert vs introvert
34
_____ _____ agreed with Fred but she though he was obsessed with sex and she believed ____ can affect where are at life
karen horney anxiety
35
who took a social of personality and agreed with freud but he disagreed that it stopped at puberty ?
Erik Erikson
36
Erik Erickson added ______ _____ and whatever happen to you now can still ______ ____
cohesive theory affect you
37
define self efficacy
self confidence in something we do ... ones belief about ones ability to preform behaviors that should lead to expected outcomes
38
explain what B.F. skinner believed in behavior perspective...
skinner's idea is that people (and animals) can learn by being rewarded for good actions or being discouraged from bad actions. It's like training yourself or others to do certain things based on what happens afterward
39
social cognitive theory was by _____ : this theory meant?
Albert bandura a way of understanding how we learn by watching/ observing others.
40
what are the few key parts of Bandura's theory (ARRM)
1. attention - pay attention to someone else so you can learn from them 2. retention- having to remember what you saw in order to do it yourself 3. reproduction - being able to do what you observed 4. motivation- need a reason to do the behavior like wanting the same reward or outcome
41
Bandura also believed in _____-_____
self-efficacy
42
define humanism
belief everyone has the potential to be the best versions of themselves (improve and reach ones full potential)
43
what was carl roger's person-centered theory?
how people grow and develop in a positive way believing that everyone can be the best version of themselves but only if the person experiences unconditional positive regard and feel truly accepted for who they are no matter what
44
define self concept
belief of what you believe you are
45
define congruence
self concepts meshes with self confidence (people agree that you're really are a great baker)
46
define incongruence
gap between self concept and reality (you think you're a great baker but we don't agree with you)
47
Abraham Maslow's idea of ____-_____ is key part of his ____________(pyramid)
self-actualization hierarchy of needs
48
explain hierarchy of needs theory
explains the different stages people go through to become the best versions of themselves
49
what is self actualization?
becoming everything you are capable of become/ sense of purpose and meaning in life
50
progression on the hierarchy of needs means
lower needs are being satisfied
51
regression on the hierarchy of need means
lower needs are NOT being satisfied
52
Maslow believed you couldn't reach self actualization until the ......
lower needs are met first
53
1. physiological needs in the hierarchy pyramid is
basic needs for survival (food, water, and sleep)
54
2. safety needs on the hierarchy pyramid is
once basic needs are met you want to feel safe (stable home, job, feeling physically safe)
55
3. loving and belonging on the hierarchy pyramid is
after safety, people need to feel connected to others (friendships, family relationships, feeling loved and accepted by others)
56
4. esteem needs on the hierarchy pyramid is
people want to feel respected, valued, and recognized for their achievements (praise at work)
57
5. cognition needs on the hierarchy pyramid means...
knowledge and understanding
58
6. aesthetic needs on the hierarchy pyramid is.
order and beauty
59
7. LASLTY self actualization on the hierarchy pyramid means
TOP LEVEL , people strive to achieve their full potential (best version of one's self)
60
_____ ______ is the abrivaition to remember the 5 factor model of biological perspective
billy ocean
61
the O in ocean stands for and means?
openness to new experience- trying a new restaurant
62
the C in ocean stands fro and means?
Conscientiousness (constraint) - punctual, strong sense of self discipline. high GPA and success, less likely to get divorced
63
the E in oceans stands for?
extroversion- outgoing, friendly, extrovert
64
the A in ocean stands for?
agreeableness- helpful, trusting
65
the N in ocean stands for?
neuroticism- anxious, hostile, insecure, emotional unstable, more likely to divorce
66
Hans Eysenck believed
personality was genetically influences, hierarchy of traits and genes
67
define condition
that degree we influence by environmental factors
68
psychodynamic means personality is influenced by...
past events in childhood.
69
behaviorism means personality is influenced by...
environmental and situational factors
70
humanism means personality is influenced by...
self concept
71
biological means personality is influenced by...
genetics
72
MMPI is a ____-____ measure; assess and diagnose ...... & what type of test is it?
self- report assesses and diagnose mental disorders such as schizophrenia, depression, and anxiety and getting to know your patient true/false test
73
NEO (big-five personality traits) is a _____-____ measures test. this test measures...
self-report measures OCEAN
74
the Rorschach test is a ____ test: what type of test is it? & what does it determine
projective test person is shown images and asked what each one looks like to them .... this determines the way the person interprets ambiguous images can reveal hidden aspects of their personality, thoughts, and emotions
75
the TAT is a _____ test: what type of test is it? & what does it determine?
also a projective test also showing ambiguous pictures and asked to tell a STORY about them the goal is to uncover underlying motivation, concerns, and feelings based on how the person interprets the images
76
a self report test is ...
Not accurate results
77
social desirability means
to make you look good so you be less honest
78
response sets means
error in survey data
79
thematic appreciation test describes ...
what they see in scenes and what the characters are thinking

FINAL EXAM PSYCH (3 decks)

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