Chapter 10

Question 1

The initial questioning of one’s own (prosecution or defense) witness during a trial

Answer 1

Direct examination

Question 2

The monetary amount required for pretrial release, normally set by a judge at the initial appearance. The purpose of bail is to ensure the return of the accused at a subsequent proceedings

Answer 2

Bail

Question 3

Dismissal of a prospective juror by either the prosecution or the defense because he or she is biased, because he or she has prior knowledge about a case, or for other reasons that demonstrate the individual’s inability to render a fair and impartial trial.

Answer 3

Challenge for cause

Question 4

The constitutional right of a criminal defendant to see and cross-examine all the witnesses against him or her

Answer 4

Confrontation Clause

Question 5

The action by a hand jury when it votes to indict an accused suspect

Answer 5

True bill

Question 6

Dismissal of a prospective juror by either the prosecution or the defense for unexplained, discretionary reasons.

Answer 6

Peremptory Challenge

Question 7

The action by a grand jury when it votes not to indict an accused suspect.

Answer 7

No bill

Question 8

The process in which a personal jury panel is questioned by the prosecution and the defense in order to select jurors who are unbiased.

Answer 8

Voirdire

Question 9

A formal charging document, similar to an indictment based on probable cause as determined at a preliminary hearing

Answer 9

Information

Question 10

Hearing before a magistrate to determine whether the government has sufficient evidence to show probable cause that the defendant committed the crime

Answer 10

Preliminary Hearing

Question 11

The amendment to the U.S. Constitution that guarantees freedom of speech, religion, press, and assembly, and the right of the people to petition the government for redress of grievances.

Answer 11

First Amendment

Question 12

A plea of “no contest”- the defendant submits to sentencing without any formal of admission of guild that could be used against him or her in a subsequent civil suit

Answer 12

Nolo Contendre

Question 13

people who either are denied bail or cannot afford to post bail before trial and are kept in secure confinement

Answer 13

Pretrial detainees

Question 14

The questioning of a prosecution witness by the defense, or of a defense witness by the prosecution.

Answer 14

Cross-examination

Question 15

A written accusation returned by a grand jury, charging an individual with a specified crime after determination of probable cause

Answer 15

Indictment

Question 16

The group called for jury duty from which jury panels are selected

Answer 16

Venire

Question 17

A sworn statement addressed to a court or judge by the police, prosecutor, or individual alleging that an individual has committed an offense and requesting indictment and prosecuting.

Answer 17

Complaint

Question 18

Testimony that is not first hand but, rather, relates information told by a second party.

Answer 18

Hearsay Evidence

Question 19

In trial court appearance, at which the accused is read the charges, advised of his or her rights, and asked to enter a plea.

Answer 19

Arraignment

Question 20

The report of a grand jury investigation, which usually includes a recommendation of indictment

Answer 20

Presentment