Chapter 10

Question 1

DNA Replication

Answer 1

makes DNA copies that are transmitted from cell to cell and from parent to off spring

Question 2

Chromosomal DNA

Answer 2

stores information in units called genes

Question 3

Transcription

Answer 3

produces an RNA copy of a gene

Question 4

Messenger RNA (mRNA)

Answer 4

a temporary copy of a gene that contains information to make a polypeptide

Question 5

Translation

Answer 5

produces a polypeptide using the information in mRNA

Question 6

polypeptide

Answer 6

becomes part of a functional protein that contributes to an organism’s trait

Question 7

What is the flow of genetic material?

Answer 7

flow of genetic material occurs from DNA to RNA to polypeptide

Question 8

Transfer RNA (tRNA)

Answer 8

necessary for the translation of mRNA

Question 9

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

Answer 9

necessary for the translation of mRNA. Ribosomes are composed of both rRNAS and protein subunits

Question 10

MicroRNA (miRNAS)

Answer 10

short RNA molecules that are involved in gene regulation in eukaryotes

Question 11

snRNAS

Answer 11

necessary in the splicing of eukaryotic pre-mRNA, components of spliceosome

Question 12

What percentage of genes encode polypeptides and what percentage encode function RNA?

Answer 12

90%; 10%

Question 13

Consensus sequence

Answer 13

most common nucleotide found at each position within the sequence; tata box is the most common.

Question 14

genes include

Answer 14

1)sequence transcribed into mRNA
2) sequences that control expression of genes (promoter and regulatory elements)

Question 15

promoter

Answer 15

*