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Astronomy > Chapter 10 > Flashcards

Chapter 10 Flashcards

1
Q

Give an overview of Jupiter

A

It is the largest planet, more than 10x earths diameter and 300x its mass. It’s atmosphere is dense and has cloud bands. The atmosphere is mainly H,He,CH4,NH3, and H2O

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2
Q

What are its clouds made of

A

Water,ice, and ammonia

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3
Q

Why are its clouds bright

A

Made up of compounds of sulfur and phosphorus

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4
Q

How often does Jupiter rotate

A

Once every 10 hours

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5
Q

What is jupiters interior made of

A

Very light elements, it’s interior turns from gas to liquid hydrogen the deeper you go until you get of liquid metallic hydrogen. It has an iron rocky core

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6
Q

What is jupiters core temperature

A

30,000 K

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7
Q

How fast are jupiters cloud jet streams

A

300km/h

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8
Q

Why does Jupiter have its giant red spot

A

Due to adjacent wind belts having different speeds it creates vortexes of various colors

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9
Q

How strong is jupiters magnetic field

A

It is 20,000 times stronger than earths

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10
Q

Does Jupiter have an aurora

A

A very strong one proven by us receiving intense radio emissions form it

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11
Q

Does Jupiter have a ring

A

Yes, it is made of tiny particles of rock dust and is held in orbit by its gravity

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12
Q

How many moons does Jupiter have

A

79 moons

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13
Q

What are Jupiter’s innermost moons called

A

Galilean moons

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14
Q

What are the 4 main moons of Jupiter

A

Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto

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15
Q

What are the main attributes of Io

A

Very hot interior, has volcanic plumes and lava flows

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16
Q

What are the main attributes of Europa

A

Very few craters, surface looks like a cracked egg (similar to glaciers), and it may have a layer of water below the crust

17
Q

What are the attributes of Ganymede and Callisto

A

They look like our moon with grayish brown colors and are covered in craters. Their surface is mostly ice, and Callisto may have subsurface liquid water

18
Q

Main characteristics of Saturn

A

It is the second largest planet (10x earths diameter and 95x earths mass), an average density less than water, composed of mostly hydrogen, its temperature is low enough to freeze ammonia into cloud particles and create a veil for itself.

19
Q

What is the interior of Saturn like

A

Goes from hydrogen gas, to liquid metallic hydrogen, to water, to a rock and iron core. It radiates more energy than it receives.

20
Q

Characteristics of the rings of Saturn

A

Wide but thin, they are not solid but made of a swarm of individual bodies such as water, ice, and carbon compounds.

21
Q

How many moons does Saturn have

A

82 moons, many have craters and are surrounded by white markings of shattered ice

22
Q

What is Saturns largest moon + its characteristics

A

It is titan. larger than mercury, it has a mainly nitrogen atmosphere, solid surface with liquid oceans of methane.

23
Q

Uranus’s characteristics

A

It is 4x larger than the earth and 15x it’s mass. It is rather featureless.

24
Q

Characteristics of Uranus’s atmosphere

A

It is rich in hydrogen and methane, methane and ice are responsible for its blue color.

25
Q

Characteristics of Uranus’s interior

A

It contains water,methane, and ammonia. It may have a rocky/iron core

26
Q

Why is Uranus’s axis unique

A

It has a tilted axis and spins on its side, this may be due to collisions while it was forming.

27
Q

Does Uranus have rings

A

Yes, it has a set of narrow rings. They are very dark and therefore may be rich in carbon Particles

28
Q

Characteristics of Uranus’s moons

A

It has 5 main moons and other smaller ones. They are probably ice and rock. It’s most unique one is called Miranda which looks like it was torn apart and reassembled

29
Q

Characteristics of Neptune

A

Similar in size to Uranus, deep blue color with a great dark spot.

30
Q

Describe Neptune’s interior

A

Mostly water, surrounded by a thin atmosphere rich in hydrogen, and has a rock/iron core.

31
Q

What is neptunes atmosphere made from

A

Mainly methane

32
Q

Does Neptune have rings

A

Yes, they are probably debris from comets or satellites that broke apart

33
Q

What is neptunes main moon

A

Triton, it is a captured planetesimal from the Kuiper belt. It has some craters with dark streaks. It is far enough from the planet to retain an atmosphere

Astronomy (16 decks)

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