Chapter 10/11 Flashcards
Substances in food that your body needs to grow to repair itself and to supply you with energy
Nutrients
A unit of heat used to measure the energy your body uses and the energy it receives from food
Calorie
The natural physical drive to eat, prompted by the body’s need for food
Hunger
The psychological desire for food
Appetite
Starches and sugars found in foods which provide your body’s main source of energy
Carbohydrates
A tough complex carbohydrate that the body cannot digest
Fiber
Nutrients the body uses to build and maintain its cells and tissues
Proteins
A waxy fatlike substance - in your blood
Cholesterol
Compounds found in food that help regulate many body pricesses
Vitamins
Elements found in food that are used by the body
Minerals
A condition in which the bones become fragile and break easily
Osteoporosis
A set of recommendations about smart eating and physical activity for all Americans
Dietary Guidelines for Americans
An interactive guide to healthful eating and active living
MyPyramid
A high ratio of nutrients to calories
Nutrient-dense
Substances added to a food to produce a desired effect
Food additives
Food poisoning
Foot borne illness
Treating s substance with heat to kill or slow the growth of pathogens
Pasteurization
The spreading of pathogens from our food to another
Cross-contamination
A condition in which the body’s immune system reacts to substances in some foods
Food allergy
A negative reaction to food that doesn’t involve the immune system
Food intolerance
The process by which the body breaks down substances and gets energy from food
Metabolism
A measure of body weight relative to height
Body Mass Index BMI
Heavier than the standard weight range for your height
Overweight
Having an excess of body fat
Obese
Below the standard weight range for your height
Underweight
The way you see your body
Body image
Weight-loss plans that tend to be popular for only a short time
Fad diets
A repeated pattern of losing and regaining body weight
Weight cycling
Extreme harmful eating behaviors that can cause serious illness or even death
Eating disorders
An eating disorder in which an irrational fear of weight gain leads people to starve themselves
Anorexia nervous a
An eating disorder that involves cycles of overeating and purging or attempts to rid the body of food
Bulimia nervous a
An eating disorder in which people overeat compulsively
Binge eating disorder
A person who eats mostly or only plant based foods
Vegetarian
Products that supply one or more nutrients as a supplement to, not a substitute for, healthful foods
Dietary supplements
Substances that boost athletic ability
Performance enhancers
Dietary supplements containing plant extracts
Herbal supplements
Very large amounts
Megadoses
The process by which your body takes in and uses food
Nutrition
