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Psychology 1A > Chapter 1 / Wk 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 / Wk 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is psychology?

A

The scientific study of mental processes (thinking, remembering and feeling) and behaviour.

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2
Q

What is positive psychology?

A

The scientific study to understand and harness positive emotions to help people thrive.

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3
Q

What’s another name for Biopsychology?

A

Behavioural neuroscience

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4
Q

What is Biopsychology?

A

The scientific study of the physical basis (biology) of psychological events like motivation, emotions and stress.

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5
Q

What is the Sociocultural perspective?

A

Focuses on the social interactions and cultural factors or behavior and mental processes.

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6
Q

What is the approach of cultural and cross-cultural psychologist?

A

Takes in to consideration the content and context of a culture in the study of human behaviour.

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7
Q

What is structuralism?

A

An early school of psychology that used introspection to explore the basic elements of consciousness.

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8
Q

What’s the Psycodynamic perspective

A

Focuses on internal events

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9
Q

What is the behavioural perspective?

A

Focuses on the role of the environment.

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10
Q

What is functionalism?

A

Explains psychological process in terms of the role or function they serve.

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11
Q

What are the 5 key perspectives of Psychology?

A

Evolutionary, cognitive, humanistic, behaviourist and psychodynamic.

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12
Q

Who is the key figure of the psychodynamic perspective?

A

Sigmund Frued

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13
Q

What is the basic principles of the Psychodynamic perspective?

A

Behaviour is largely the result of unconcious processes, motivation and early experiences.

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14
Q

A metaphor for the Psychodynamic perspective.

A

The Conciousness is like the tip of an iceberg; the mind lies hidden underneath much larger and like a battleground of warring factions.

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15
Q

Methods of the psychodynamic perspective.

A

Interprets verbal discourse, slips of the tongue, dreams, fantasies, actions and postures, case studies and limited experimentations.

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16
Q

What is the Behavourist perspective (behavourism)?

A

Behaviour is learned and influences by its environmental consequences.

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17
Q

Who is the key figure for the behaviourist perspective?

A

B.F Skinner

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18
Q

A metaphor for behaviourism (behavioural perspective).

A

Humans and animals are like machines, the mind is a black box and a mystery.

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19
Q

What are the methods of Behaviourist (behavioural perspective)?

A

Experimentation with humans and other animals.

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20
Q

What are the basic principles of the humanistic perspective?

A

Behaviour and experience are shaped by the need to self -actualise, to fulfil one’s potential.

21
Q

Who is the key figure in the humanistic perspective?

A

Carl Rogers

22
Q

A metaphor for the humanistic perspective.

A

Life is like a bottle of milk - the cream always rises to the top. Optimistic view, Everyone always aims to be the best they can be.

23
Q

Humanistic perspective methods.

A

Person-centered therapeutic approach that emphasises empathy, acceptance and respect for the individual.

24
Q

Key figure in the cognitive perspective

A

Rene Descartes

25
Q

What is the cognitive perspective?

A

Behaviour is the product of information processing; storage, transformation and retrieval of data.

26
Q

A metaphor for the cognitive perspective.

A

The mind is like a computer; with patterns of thoughts that are like it’s software.

27
Q

Methods of the cognitive perspective.

A

Experimentation with humans inspired by computer modeling.

28
Q

The key figure in the evolutionary perspective.

A

Charles Darwin

29
Q

What are the basic principles of the evolutionary perspective?

A

Psychological processes reflect the evolutionary process of natural selection.

30
Q

A metaphor for the evolutionary perspective.

A

Life is like a race for survival and reproduction.

31
Q

Methods of the evolutionary perspective.

A

Deductions of explanations for traits and behaviours; cross-species and cross-cultural comparisons; limited experimentation.

32
Q

What is the biopsychosocial model?

A

Intergration of biological, psychological and sociocultural factors as a larger collective, influenced by all five key perspectives.

33
Q

Which perspective would suggest that the mind can be viewed as an information processing system?

A

Cognitive

34
Q

What perspective would suggest that behaviour is powerfully influenced by its consequences, in the form of reinforcement and punishment.

A

The behaviourist perspective.

35
Q

Which perspective would most likely suggest that the behaviour may be the product of unconcious conflict and anxiety?

A

Psychodynamic

36
Q

What perspective sees behaviour as being motivated by forces that individuals may not understand or be aware of?

A

Psychodynamic

37
Q

What perspective would suggest that psychological science is the study of behaviour that is observable and measurable?

A

Behaviourist

38
Q

What perspective sees our behaviours developing as a result of our species’ adaptation to the challenges of surviving across milennia?

A

Evolutionary

39
Q

What perspective might suggest that future behaviour is influenced by memory and analysis of past experience?

A

Cognitive

40
Q

The importance of personal growth and human potential is emphasised by which perspective?

A

Humanistic

41
Q

What Philosophical early school of thought involves studying the structure of consciousness?

A

Structuralism

42
Q

What are the two early schools of thought?

A

Functionalism and Structuralism

43
Q

What early school of thought explains psychological processes in terms of the role, or function, they serve?

A

Functionalism

44
Q

What are the boundaries and borders of psychology?

A

Biopsychology, sociocultral perspective, cultural and cross-cultural.

45
Q

In Broca’s Aphasia there is a deficit in ………

A

Language production

46
Q

Wundt’s method of investigation was called…..

A

Introspection

47
Q

What examines the genetic and environmental bases of differences among individuals on psychological traits?

A

Behavioural Genetics

48
Q

A ……… is a school of thought. A ……….. is a broad system of theoretical assumptions.

A

Perspective.
Paradigm.

49
Q

What perspective suggests many behavioural tendencies in humans evolved because they heped our ancestors survive and reproduce?

A

Evolutionary

Psychology 1A (1 decks)

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