Chapter 1 What is smart thinking? Flashcards
What does it mean to think critically?
- establish a framework or structure in which your basic facts and evidence make sense
- plan your communication of ideas so that they can be clearly understood
- work out and express your main ideas check to see if you have covered all the important parts of your topic
- present ideas by linking them together to convince readers of your conclusion
What can critical thinking assist in?
- working out where and how to look for the information you need
- understanding that information in relation to your own work
- deciding which information is relevant to your topic and which is not
- identifying when you need to find out more information to make sense of a problem
How does critical thinking improve communication?
by alerting you to the importance of
- your audience and their expectations of what you are doing
- the requirements upon which to communicate in a certain way in a certain situation
- your own assumptions and biases, and the role of society in forming those biases, which will need to be considered and explored through your communication.
What is reasoning?
a process of understanding and exploring the relationships between the many events, objects, and ideas in our world.
What does using reasoning requires us to do?
- to look for and rely on structures of connections between separate things or events in the world
- to make an active effort to create these structures
- to make the connections that we cannot easily see
What are the two main kinds of relationships that underpin these structures of resoning?
- how things relate to one another, at any given moment
- how things relate to one another, over time
What are the things that we do with reqasoning as a form of communication?
- arguing (‘You should not believe what you see on television because … ‘)4
- explaining (‘Digital television has been introduced because … ‘)
- making decisions CI think we should buy a digital television receiver because … ‘)
- predicting the future (‘I expect digital television to make pay television better because … ‘)
- exploring issues (‘How will digital television link to the Internet?’)
- finding answers (‘Why did the government decide on a higher-quality digital television standard?’)
- justifying actions (‘When first introduced, I thought subscribing to pay tele- vision was not a good idea because … ‘).
Why do we need to ‘think smart’?
- helps you to study
- helps you at work
- makes you an active member of communities.
What is smart thinking in terms of knowledge?
Recognizing the contexts of power and influence in which knowledge exists.
What are the four levels of language?
a word
a statement
the text
the context
What do we call statements that assert the trught of some information or knowledge abou the world?
Claims
Complete the following sentence:
A claim is always a claim, but the truth of some claims is ……..
established
What is the defining property of a claim?
That it asserts something to be true
