Chapter 1 What Are IP Addresses & Why Do We Need Them?

Question 1

Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA)

Answer 1

Was created to allocate and keep track of the addresses assigned. They in turn delegate allocations of IP addresses to regional Internet registries (RIRs). The RIRs then divide there allocated address pools into smaller blocks and delegate them to internet service providers and other organizations in their respective regions.

Question 2

Binary is

Answer 2

Base 2, meaning it is comprised of 2 digits (1,0)

Question 3

IP addresses are divided into 4 sets of 8 bits known as ___________ which range from 0-255.

Answer 3

Octet

Note: 8 bits or an octet is also equal to a byte, 1 byte=8 bits

Question 4

If we turn on all the bits 9set them to 1 and sum up all the values

Answer 4

128+64+32+16+8+4+2+1 the sum will be equal to 255

Question 5

Media Access Control (MAC) address (also known as hardware addresses)

Answer 5

Are used to communicate at layer 2, the data link layer. The Mack address is burned-in the network card of the device that is connected in to the network, meaning it is hard-coded.

Question 6

MAC addresses are globally unique and are broken into two half’s.

Answer 6

The first half of the address represents the adapter manufacturer’s ID assigned number.

The second half of the address is the individual adapter’s identifier. Mac addresses are used to transport frames between devices in the same broadcast domain.

Question 7

Broadcast domain

Answer 7

Is simply the network segment in which broadcasts propagate to all the same broadcast to all the hosts on it.

Question 8

Broadcast domains are broken up by ___________

Answer 8

Routers or layer 3 devices

Question 9

Local Link

Answer 9

Refers to a local segment where hosts can communicate via Layer 2

Question 10

How does a device learn the MAC address of another host?

Answer 10

It resolves the destination IP address to the destination device’s MAC address using ARP (Address Resolution Protocol).

Question 11

MAC addresses are only used on local links and are not used to _________

Answer 11

Interconnect networks.

Question 12

A MAC address is composed 0f 48-bits which are represented in ____________.

Answer 12

Hexadecimal

Question 13

IP addresses are the solution to our traffic segregation issues as they provide logical addressing by breaking an address into two portions:

Answer 13

Network ID and a Host ID

Question 14

The Network ID portion is used to

Answer 14

Identify the network

Question 15

The host ID is used to.

Answer 15

identify a host in that network

Question 16

Class A

Answer 16

1-126
Default Subnet Mask: 255.0.0.0
Default # of network bits: 8
Default # of Host Bits: 24

Question 17

Class B

Answer 17

128-191
Default Subnet Mask: 255.255.0.0
Default # of Network Bits: 16
Default # of Host Bits:16

Question 18

Class C

Answer 18

192-223
Default Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0
Default # of Network Bits: 24
Default # of Host Bits: 8

Question 19

127 reserved for

Answer 19

Loopback

Question 20

Class D

Answer 20

Reserved for multicast

Question 21

Class E reserved for

Answer 21

Experimental purposes