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Criminology > Chapter 1 Vocabulary > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

Criminal justice

A

System of institutions, policies, and practices with the goal of maintaining social control and deterring crime through sanction and rehab

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2
Q

Law enforcement

A

Charged with investigating crimes and arresting people who committed them

One of the three main components of the criminal justice system

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3
Q

Courts

A

Responsible for interpreting and applying the law

One of the three main components of the criminal justice system

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4
Q

Corrections

A

Protect society from criminals through housing, monitoring, and other programs

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5
Q

Noble prosecution

A

Charges being dropped

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6
Q

No bill

A

Decision made by grand jury that says there’s not enough evidence

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7
Q

Nolo contendere

A

A plea saying defendants accepts charges but isn’t admitting guilt

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8
Q

Indeterminate sentence

A

Sentence in a range of years 3-15 to be served

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9
Q

Victim advocates

A

Trained professionals that help victims

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10
Q

Inalienable rights

A

Rights that are universal

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11
Q

Judicial activism

A

Deviation from the constitution( decision are influenced by personal or political)

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12
Q

USA patriot act

A

Was signed by George w bush to protect us from terrorists

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13
Q

USA freedom act

A

Stopped the NSA from collecting a lot of phone data

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14
Q

Crime

A

Breaking of a law and someone says punishment is needed

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15
Q

Street crimes

A

Involving a victim and a offender who come together in space and time

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16
Q

Property crime

A

Crime against property(burglary, property theft, and vehicles theft)

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17
Q

Victimless crimes

A

“Don’t have victims because they really don’t harm people”

18
Q

Cybercrime

A

Illegal activity on a computer

19
Q

Terrorism

A

The completed or threatened use of violence against a population for changing political, religious, and ideological positions

20
Q

Mala in se

A

Behavior that is sinful and wrong by nature

21
Q

Mala prohibita

A

behavior that is prohibited by law

22
Q

Decriminalization

A

Stopping criminal penalties with some behavior

23
Q

Justifiable homicide

A

Lawful killing of another person

24
Q

Castle doctrine

A

Document saying homeowners are no longer required to retreat if threatened

25
Q

Adultery

A

Sex with someone outside of marriage

26
Q

Rape

A

Penetration of vagina or anus with body part or object without consent

27
Q

Crime control perspective

A

Prevent crime by harsh punishment

28
Q

Rehabilitation perspective

A

A view that says the criminal justice system is to rehabilitate offenders

29
Q

Due process perspective

A

People should be treated fair in the system

30
Q

Restorative justice perspective

A

The criminal justice system is to restore justice through repairing harm

31
Q

Nonintervention perspective

A

The criminal justice system is supposed to be minimal and non intrusive

32
Q

Consensus model

A

Criminal justice system highlights the collaborative nature of the system

33
Q

Framing

A

The packing of criminal events in the media in tiny presentations to make sharing easy

34
Q

Faulty criminal justice system frame

A

Says that crime occurs because people feel like they can get away with it

35
Q

Narrow casting

A

Narrow view of info in the media to small audiences

36
Q

Blocked opportunities frame

A

Crime happens from a lack of legal options(unemployed people commit crime)

37
Q

Social breakdown frame

A

Crime happens from a breakdown in family or community

38
Q

Racist system frame

A

Problem isn’t crime it’s the racist government

39
Q

Violent media frame

A

Crime is a direct result of the violent media in tv, movies, etc

40
Q

Infotainment

A

The marketing of a highly edited combination of entertainment and information told to be true

41
Q

Criminology

A

An academic discipline that investigates the nature, extent, and causes of criminal offending and criminal victimization

Criminology (8 decks)

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