Chapter 1 Vocabulary Flashcards
Assizes
Travelling courts
Adversarial System
The Judicial process whereby evidence is presented by two opposing parties to an impartial judge or jury
Circuit judges
Judges of travelling courts
Case law
A method of deciding cases based on recorded decisions of similar
Common law
Law that developed in english courts; relies on case law and is common to all people
Divine right
The concept that monarchs and their successors derived their power to rule from god and were accountable only to god
Stare decisis
A latin phrase meaning “to stand by the decision”
Rule of precedent
Applying a previous decision to a case that has similar circumstances
Magna carta
A charter of political and civil rights signed in 1215
Habeas Corpus
A court order designed to prevent unlawful arrest by ensuring that anyone detained is charged before a court within a reasonable amount of time
Part of the magna carta
The great binding law
The constitution of the iroquois confederacy
Quebec civil code
The system of law used in quebec for resolving private matters
Trial by ordeal
Requiring a person to undergo torture to determine guilt or innocence
Trial by oath helping
Requiring friends of the accused to swear on the bible that he or she was innocent
Trial by combat
Determining guilt or innocence by having the parties fight in a duel
Great laws of manu
Indian laws compiled between 1280 and 880 bc, previously transferred through oral tradition
Code of Li K’vei
A set of chinese laws written around 350 BC
Code of hammurabi
One of the earliest known sets of recorded laws, written by king Hammurabi of Babylon
Codified
Arranged and recorded systematically
Retribution
Justice based on vengeance and punishment
Restitution
Payment made by the offender to the victim of a crime
Mosaic law
Biblical or hebrew law found in the book of exodus
Justinian code
The clarification and organization of roman law commissioned by Justinian
Napoleonic code
The civil law of France completed in 1804
