chapter 1 vocab Flashcards
adversarial system
judicial process where two opposing parties present evidence to an impartial judge/jury
assizes
travelling courts during old England
case law
method of solving cases based on previous recorded cases of the same nature
circuit judges
judges of assizes
codified
arranged and recorded systemically
common law
law developed in english courts, relies on case law + common to all people
divine right
belief that monarchs had divine power from god + only answered to god
habeas corpus
everyone has the right to their day in court
Magma Carta
charter of rights signed in 1215 England first step to civil rights
retribution
justice based on vengeance + punishment (“and eye for an eye”)
restitution
payment made by the offender to the victim of the crime
rule of law
law is necessary, everyone must follow the law, no abuse of power
rule of precedent
applying a previous decision to a case with similar circumstances
stare decisis
a latin phrase meaning “to stand by the decision”
trial by combat
determining guilt/innocence by having the parties duel
trial by oath helping
requiring friends of the accused to swear on the bible that they were innocent
trial by ordeal
determine guilt/innocence by torture
- trial by hot iron
- trial by cold water
