Chapter 1- Vocab. Flashcards
Data.
Observations such as measurements, genders, and survey responses that have been collected.
Statistics.
A collection of methods for planning studies and experiments, obtaining data, and then organizing, summarizing, presenting, analyzing, interpreting, and drawing conclusions based on the data.
Population.
The complete collection of all elements such as scores, people, measurements, etc. to be studied. The collection is complete in the sense that it includes all subjects to be studied.
Census.
The collection of data from every member of the population.
Sample.
A subcollection of members selected from a population.
Parameter.
A numerical measurement describing some characteristic of a population.
Statistic.
A numerical measurement describing some characteristic of a sample.
Qualitative Data.
Data separated into different categories that are distinguished by some non-numeric characteristic.
Quantitative Data.
Data that consists of numbers representing counts or measurements.
Discrete Data.
Data results when the number of possible values is either a finite number or a countable number.
Continuous Data.
Data results from infinitely many possible values that correspond to some continuous scale that covers a range of values without gaps, interruptions or jumps.
Nominal.
Characterized by data that consists of names, labels, or categories only.
Ordinal.
Data that can be arranged in some order, but differences between data values either cannot be determined or are meaningless.
Interval.
The difference between any two data values is Meaningful. However, data at this level do not have a natural zero starting point.
Ratio.
Data that has a natural zero starting point.