Chapter 1 Vocab. Flashcards
Evolution
An organisms adaptations to its environment
Biology
The scientific study of life
Emergent properties
The arrangement and interactions of parts as complexity increases
Biosphere
All life on earth and all the places where life exists
Ecosystem
All the living things in a particular area along with all the nonliving components of the environment with which life interacts
Community
The array of organisms inhabiting a particular ecosystem
Population
Consist of all the individuals of a species living within the bounds of a specified area
Organisms
Individual living things
Eukaryotic cell
Contains membrane enclosed organelles
Prokaryotic cell
Lacks a nucleus or other membrane enclosed organelles
Organ
A body part that is made up of multiple tissues and has specific functions in the body
Tissue
A group of cells that work together performing a specialized function
Cell
Life’s fundamental unit of structure and function
Organelles
The various functional components present in cells
Molecule
A chemical structure consisting of two or more units called atoms
DNA
Within cells, structures called chromosomes contain genetic material in the form of DNA
Genes
Hey section of the DNA of the chromosome
Gene expression
The entire process by which the information in a gene direct the production of the cellular product
Genome
The entire library of genetic instructions that an organism inherits
Genomics
Rather than investigating a single gene at a time, researchers study hall sets of genes in one or more species – an approach called genomics
Proteomics
The study of sets of proteins and their properties
Proteome
The entire set of proteins expressed by a given cell or group of cells
Climate change
I directional change to the global climate that last for three decades or more
Evolution
The scientific explanation for the unity and diversity of organisms
Bacteria
One of the two prokaryotic domains
Archaea
One of the two prokaryotic domains
Natural selection
A process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals because of those traits
Science
A way of knowing an approach to understanding the natural world
Inquiry
A search for information and explanation is a natural phenomena
Data
Recorded observations
Hypothesis
An explanation, based on observations and assumptions, that leads to a testable prediction
Experiment
A scientific test, often carried out under controlled conditions
Controlled experiment
A group designed to compare and experimental group with a control group
Variables
A feature or quantity that varies in an experiment
Independent variable
The factor manipulated by the researchers
Dependant variable
The factor being measured that is predicted to be affected by the independent variable
Theory
An explanation that is broader in scope that a hypothesis, generates new hypotheses, and is supported by a large body of evidence
Technology
The application of scientific knowledge for a specific purpose, often involving industry or commerce but also including uses in basic research
