Chapter 1 Vocab

Question 1

Anatomy

Answer 1

The study of the structure and shape of the body and body parts and relationship to on another.

Question 2

Physiology

Answer 2

The study of how the body and its parts work or function.

Question 3

Cell

Answer 3

The smallest units of all living things.

Question 4

Tissue

Answer 4

These consists of groups of similar cells that have a common function.

Question 5

Organ

Answer 5

Is the structure that is composed of two or more tissues types and performs a specifc function of the body.

Question 6

Organ System

Answer 6

A group of organs that cooperate to accomplish a common purpose.

Question 7

Organism

Answer 7

Which represents the highest level of structural organization the organismal level.

Question 8

Metabolism

Answer 8

Refers to all chemical reactions that occur within body cells.

Question 9

Homeostasis

Answer 9

Survival organism in the ecosystem.

Question 10

Negative-feedback mechanisms

Answer 10

When some function of the output system process or feeds back in a manner that tends to reduce the fluctuation.

Question 11

Receptor

Answer 11

The first component.

Question 12

Control Center

Answer 12

Determines the level at which a variable is to be maintained analyze the information it receives.

Question 13

Effector

Answer 13

The third component which provides the mean for the control centers response.

Question 14

Positive-feedback mechanism

Answer 14

These tend to increase the original disturbance and to push the variable farther from its original place. These are rare in the body.

Question 15

Anatomical Position

Answer 15

The body is in a standard position.

Question 16

Superior

Answer 16

These is toward the head end or upper part of a structure or the body; above.

Question 17

Inferior

Answer 17

Away from the head end or toward the lower part of a structure.

Question 18

Anterior

Answer 18

Toward or at the front of the body.

Question 19

Posterior

Answer 19

Toward the backside of the body.

Question 20

Sagittal Plane

Answer 20

Is a cut made along the lengthwise plane of the body dividing the right and left side.

Question 21

Frontal Plane

Answer 21

Is a cut made along the lengthwise to separate the anterior and posterior.

Question 22

Transverse Plane

Answer 22

Is a cut made along a horizontal plane dividing the body or organ into superior and inferior parts.

Question 23

Oblique Plane

Answer 23

Any plane through the body that is not parallel to the former three.

Question 24

Thoracic Cavity

Answer 24

Is separated from the rest of the ventral cavity by a dome shaped muscle.`

Question 25

Abdominal Cavity

Answer 25

Containing the stomach, liver, intestines and other organs.

Question 26

Pelvic Cavity

Answer 26

This contains the reproductive organs, bladder, and rectum.

Question 27

Serous Membranes

Answer 27

Membrane that lines a cavity without an opening to the outside of the body.

Question 28

Pericardial Cavity

Answer 28

Is the potential space formed between the heart.

Question 29

Pleural Cavity

Answer 29

The serous membrane covering the lings and lining the thoracic cavity.

Question 30

Peritoneal Cavity

Answer 30

This is the two membranes that separate the two organs in the abdominal cavity.

Question 31

Mesentery

Answer 31

The double layered membrane of the peritoneum that supports most organs in the abdominal cavity.

Question 32

Organelle

Answer 32

Specialized structures in a cell that perform specific metabolic functions.