Chapter 1 - Unit 3

Question 1

Give a few examples of distances structures span over (3)

Answer 1

• river banks
• roads
• parts of buildings

Question 2

What is a beam (1)

Answer 2

A solid structure that lies horizontally in a position

Question 3

What are beams used for

Answer 3

To support loads over spaces

Question 4

What is a beam’s span (1)

Answer 4

The distance between supports at 2 ends of a beam

Question 5

What is an I-beam (1)

Answer 5

Steel beams bith an I cross section

Question 6

What are the advantages of and i-beam (3)

Answer 6

• It provides stiffness and strength
• uses tge least amount of steel, meaning less weight is required to provide strength
• it costs less

Question 7

What is lintels (1)

Answer 7

Wooden/concrete beams that support walls above windows and doors of buildings

Question 8

Where can you usually find beam/column bridges (1)

Answer 8

Over highways

Question 9

What are beam/column bridges usually used for

Answer 9

Used over long-span bridges

Question 10

What are beams/column usually made of, and what benifit does this have

Answer 10

Smaller beams, so theres no need for big heavy beams

Question 11

Name an advantage of beam/column bridges

Answer 11

• doesn’t require heavy bemas

- allows expanding/contracting with the weather

Question 12

What are suspension bridges usually used for (2)

Answer 12

When tge space its expanding over is very long, usually over water where beams aren’t possible

Question 13

Discuss Cable stayed bridges (3)

Answer 13

• Modern design for shirt/long distance
• only has one type of cable (main)
• supports deck directly from tower

Question 14

Which material was used over long spans in buildings

Answer 14

Stone

Question 15

What materials do we currently use to span over distances

Answer 15

Concreat, iron, steel

Question 16

What was the problem with using stones to span over a distance

Answer 16

You can only span the length of 1 stone

Question 17

Give an e.g. of a famous structure with an arch

Answer 17

Bloukrans on Garden Route highs bridge in South Africa

Question 18

Why do dam walls also have arches (2)

Answer 18

An arch wall is stronger than a straight wall and uses less materials

Question 19

Name an eg of a single arch dam

Answer 19

Katiba dam

Question 20

What cantilevers are used in bridges

Answer 20

Simple and cable stayed

Question 21

What is a simple cantilever (2)

Answer 21

A beam that only has one end supported by being built into a structure

Question 22

How do cables benifit cantilevers (2)

Answer 22

They stabilize them so the can extend far from the supporting structure

Question 23

Give an eg of where cable stayed bridges are used

Answer 23

Sport stadium roofs