Chapter 1 (Types and Components of computer systems) Flashcards
What is a Hardware?
Hardware is the physical components that make up a typical computer system.
What is a Software?
Software is the control of a computer
system and process data. The software considered in this book falls into two
categories: applications and system
What are the main components of a computer system?
the central processing unit (CPU)
internal hard disk drive or solid-state drive
random access memory (RAM)
read-only memory (ROM)
What are application software?
Application software provide services that the user requires to solve a given task
What are types of applicaion software?
» word processing
» spreadsheet
» database (management system)
» control and measurement software
» apps and applets
» video editing
» graphics editing
» audio editing
What is a CPU (Central Processing Unit) ?
is the part of the computer that interprets and executes the commands from the computer hardware and software.
What is non-volatile memory?
Memory that does not need power to retain information, it is not wiped when the computer is turned off.
RAM is a non-volatile memory (True or False) ?
False
What is a System software?
A System software is the software designed to provide a platform on which all
other software can run
ROM used to store BIOS and other data needed at startup. (True or False)
True
What are examples of a System software?
example:
» compilers
» linkers
» device drivers
» operating systems
» utilities
What are Word processing?
Word processing software is used to
manipulate a text document, such as an
essay or a report. Text is entered using a
keyboard and the software provides tools
for copying, deleting and various types
of formatting. Some of the functions of
word processing software
A ___________________ requires a user to type in instructions to choose
options from menus and opening software.
CLI ( Command-Line Interface)
What are the functions of Word processing software?
Functions of Word processing include:
- creating, editing, saving and
manipulating text - copy and paste functions
- spell checkers and thesaurus
- import photos/images into a structured
page format - translation into foreign language
What are Spreadsheet software?
Spreadsheet software is used to organise
and manipulate numerical data (in the
form of integer, real, date, and so on).
Numbers are organised on a grid of
lettered columns and numbered rows. The
grid itself is made up of cells, and each cell
is identified using a unique combination of
columns and rows; for example: B6. Some
of the functions of spreadsheets
2 advantages of using CLI
(Any two of these)
- The user is in direct communication
with the computer. - The user is not restricted to a
number of pre-determined options. - It is possible to alter computer
configuration settings.
What are the functions of Spreadsheet software?
Functions of spreadsheet include:
- use of formulae to carry out
calculations - ability to produce graphs
- ability to do modelling and ‘what if’
calculations.
What is a Desktop?
it is a made up of separate monitor, keyboard, mouse and processor unit.
3 disadvantages of a smartphone
(Any 3 of these)
» The small screens and keyboards make pages difficult to read.
» It is more difficult and slower when typing things when comparing to laptops and tablets.
» Web browsing and photography can quickly drain the battery.
» Memory size in most phones is not very large when compared to laptops
and desktops.
» Not all website features are compatible with smartphone operating systems.
» Because of their small size, it is much easier to lose a smartphone or for it to be stolen compared to laptops or desktops.
» The data transfer rate using mobile phone networks can be slower than with Wi-Fi.
Difference between RAM and ROM?
RAM is volatile memory which mean i do not store memory permantly
What is the difference between a tablet and a phablet?
- Phablets are slightly larger than Tablets.
- Phablets have more screen size and storage.
What is a database?
A database (management system) is a software used to organise, manipulate and analyse data. A typical database is made up of one or more tables. Tables consist of rows and
columns. Each row is called a ‘record’
and each column is called a ‘field.’ This
provides the basic structure for the
organisation of the data within the
database
What are the functions of a database?
Functions of database includes:
- ability to carry out queries on database
data and produce a report (DBMS) - add, delete and modify data in a table.
What is a graphic editing software?
Graphics editing software allows bitmap
and vector images to be changed.
Bitmap images are made up of pixels
which contain information about image
brightness and colour. Bitmap graphics
editors can change the pixels to produce
a different image. Vector graphic editors
operate in a different way and do not use
pixels. This type of software manipulates
lines, curves and text to alter the stored
image as required. Both types of editing
software are chosen depending on the
format of the original image
What are the uses of VR?
Uses of VR includes:
- In-depth home tours
- Immersive gaming experiences
