Chapter 1- The Territory

Question 0

Bilingual

Answer 0

Fluent in 2 languages; uses 2 languages in a daily basis

Question 1

Antonym

Answer 1

Words that differ only in the opposite value of a single important feature.
Eg: big/little. Up/down

Question 2

Bound Morpheme

Answer 2

Grammatical markers that cannot function alone, must be attached to free morphemes or to other bound morphemes.
Eg: -s un- -ly

Question 3

Code switching

Answer 3

Using 2 more more languages and switching back & forth.

Eg: English/Spanish

Question 4

Communication

Answer 4

The process participants use to exchange information, ideas, needs, & desires. Both speech & language are part of communication.

Question 5

Communicative competence

Answer 5

Degree of success in communication, measured by the appropriateness and effectiveness of the message

Question 6

Deficit approach

Answer 6

Notion that only one dialect of a language is inherently correct or standard & that others are substandard or exhibit some deficit

Question 7

Dialect

Answer 7

Variations that characterize the language of a particular group. Language-rule system used by an identifiable group of people that varies in some way from the ideal language standard

Question 8

Free morpheme

Answer 8

Independent & stand alone. Form words or parts of words.

Eg: toy, big

Question 9

Language

Answer 9

Socially shared code or conventional system for representing concepts through the use of arbitrary symbols & rule-governed combinations of those symbols

Question 10

Linguistic competence

Answer 10

Language users underlying knowledge about the system of rules

Question 11

Linguistic performance

Answer 11

Actual language use, reflecting linguistic competence & the communication constraints

Question 12

Morpheme

Answer 12

Smallest unit of meaning; indivisible (dog) without violating the meaning or producing meaningless units. ( do, g)
2 types: free & bound

Question 13

Morphology

Answer 13

Aspect of language concerned with rules governing change in meaning at the intra-word level.

Question 14

Nonlinguistic cues

Answer 14

Coding devices that contribute to communication but are not a part of speech.
Eg: eye contact, facial expressions, body movement, ect

Question 15

Para linguistic codes

Answer 15

Vocal & non vocal codes that are superimposed on a linguistic code to signal the speakers attitude or emotion or to clarify to provide additional meaning.

Question 16

Phoneme

Answer 16

Smallest linguist unit of sound, each with distinctive features, that can signal a difference in meaning when modified.

Question 17

Phonology

Answer 17

Aspect of language concerned with the ruled governing the structure, distribution, & sequencing of speech sound patterns

Question 18

Pragmatics

Answer 18

Aspect of language concerned with language use within a communication context,
Social

Question 19

Register

Answer 19

Situationally influenced language variations, such as mothetese

Question 20

Selection restrictions

Answer 20

Constraints of a specific word meanings that govern possible word combinations.

Question 21

Semantic features

Answer 21

Perceptual or functional aspects of meaning that characterize a word

Question 22

Semantics

Answer 22

Aspect of language concerned with rules governing the meaning or content of words or grammatical units

Question 23

Sociolinguistic approach

Answer 23

Considers all dialect variations to be related to each other and to the idealized standard. Each dialect is a valid rule system & therefore none is better than any other.

Question 24

Speech

Answer 24

Dynamic neuromuscular process of producing speech sounds for communication; a verbal means of transmission.