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Medical langauge | Susan M turkey 4th Edition > Chapter 1 | The Structure Of Medical Language > Flashcards

Chapter 1 | The Structure Of Medical Language Flashcards

1
Q
  • logy
A

Study of

Suffix

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2
Q

-ion

A

Action; condition

Suffix

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3
Q

Five language skills

A 
1 Reading
2 listening
3 Thinking, analyzing and understanding 
4 Writing ( or typing ) and spelling
5 Speaking and pronouncing
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4
Q

Etymology

A

Study of word origin

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5
Q

Make plural

Areola

A

Areolae

ah REE oh lee

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6
Q

Make plural
Conjunctiva
( con-junk-TY-vah)

A

Conjunctivae
( con-junk-TY-vee)

the mucous membrane that covers the front of the eye and lines the inside of the eyelids.

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7
Q

Make plural

Scapula

A

Scapulae

Shoulder blade

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8
Q

Make plural

Vertebra

A

Vertebrae

VER-the-bree

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9
Q

When a Latin word ends in -a

Form the plural by changing -a to

A
  • ae
    ( adding e )
    Pronounced ee
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10
Q

When a Latin word ends in -us

Form the plural by changing -US to

A
  • i

( exceptions to this rule are the Latin words fetus, virus and sinus, whose plural forms are the English-type plurals fetuses, viruses, and sinuses )

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11
Q

Make plural
Alveolus
(Al-VEE-oh-Lu’s)

A

Alveoli
(al-VEE-oh-lie)

  1. any of the many tiny air sacs of the lungs which allow for rapid gaseous exchange.
    • an acinus (saclike cavity) in a gland.
  2. the bony socket for the root of a tooth.
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12
Q

Make plural

Bronchus

A

Bronchi
(BRONG-ki)

any of the major air passages of the lungs which diverge from the windpipe.

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13
Q

Make Plural
Glomerulus
(Gloh-MAIR-yoo-lus)

A

Glomeruli
(gloh-MAIR-too-lie)

a cluster of nerve endings, spores, or small blood vessels, in particular a cluster of capillaries around the end of a kidney tubule, where waste products are filtered from the blood.

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14
Q

Make plural

Nucleus

A

Nuclei

BIOLOGY
a dense organelle present in most eukaryotic cells, typically a single rounded structure bounded by a double membrane, containing the genetic material.
ANATOMY
a discrete mass of gray matter in the central nervous system.

the central and most important part of an object, movement, or group, forming the basis for its activity and growth

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15
Q

Make plural
Thrombus
(THRAWM-bus)

A

Thrombi
(THRAWM-by)

a blood clot formed in situ within the vascular system of the body and impeding blood flow.

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16
Q

When a Latin singular noun ends in -um form a plural by changing -um to

A

-a

Q: how do we know if it’s not a Singular Latin word?

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17
Q

Make plural

Bacterium

A

Bacteria

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18
Q

Make plural

Diverticulum

A

Diverticula

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19
Q

Make plural

Labium

A

Labia

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20
Q

Make plural

ovum

A

ova

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21
Q

When a Latin singular noun ends in -is form the plural by changing -is to

A

-es

Q: how do we know if it’s Latin or Greek?

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22
Q

Make plural

Diagnosis

A

Diagnoses

Q: how do we know if it’s Latin or Greek?

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23
Q

Make plural

Testis

A

Testes

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24
Q

When a Latin singular noun ends in -ex

Form the plural by changing -ex to

A

-Ices

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25
Make plural | Apex
Apices Apex: The Latin word for summit, the apex is the tip of a pyramidal or rounded structure, such as the lung or the heart. The apex of the lung is indeed its tip- its rounded most superior portion.
26
Make plural | Cortex
Cortices the outer layer of the cerebrum (the cerebral cortex ), composed of folded gray matter and playing an important role in consciousness. an outer layer of another organ or body part such as a kidney (the renal cortex ), the cerebellum, or a hair.
27
Make plural | Index
Indices
28
When a Greek singular noun ends in -is | Form a plural by changing -is to
-ides Q; how do we know if it’s Latin or Greek?
29
``` Make plural (G) Epididymis ```
Epididymides
30
``` Make plural (G) Iris ```
Irides
31
When a Greek singular noun ends in -nx | Form a plural by changing -nx to
-nges
32
Make plural Phalanx (G ) (FAY-langks)
Phalanges
33
When a Greek singular noun ends in -oma | Form a plural by changing -oma to
-omata
34
``` Make plural (G) Carcinoma ```
Carcinomata a cancer arising in the epithelial tissue of the skin or of the lining of the internal organs.
35
``` Make plural (G) Fibroma ```
Fibromata a benign fibrous tumor of connective tissue.
36
When a Greek singular noun ends in -in | Form a plural by changing -on to
-a Q; how do I know when a word is Greek?
37
``` Make plural (G) Ganglion ```
Ganglia 1. ANATOMY a structure containing a number of nerve cell bodies, typically linked by synapses, and often forming a swelling on a nerve fiber. a network of cells forming a nerve center in the nervous system of an invertebrate. a well-defined mass of gray matter within the central nervous system. 2. MEDICINE an abnormal benign swelling on a tendon sheath.
38
make plural | Mitochondrion
Mitochondria an organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur. It has a double membrane, the inner layer being folded inward to form layers (cristae).
39
Name the 3 type of word parts that form a medical word
Prefixes Combining form Suffixes
40
Define | Prefix
An optional word beginning
41
Define | Combining form
The foundation of a medical word
42
Define | suffix
The word ending
43
Combining form characteristics
* foundation of a word * gives the word its main medical meaning * has a root, forward slash, a combining vowel, and a final hyphen * most medical words contain combing form ( heart, blood, health or nurse do not contain any word parts) * sometimes medical word contains two or more combining forms, right after the other
44
Medical word parts | foundation of a word
Combining form
45
Medical word parts | has a root, forward slash, a combining vowel, and a final hyphen
Combing form
46
Medical word parts | gives the word its main medical meaning
Combing form
47
Spell | abdomin/o-
Abdomen
48
Spell and meaning | Append/o-
Appendix | Small structure hanging from a larger structure
49
Spell | arteri/o-
Artery
50
Appendix combing form
Append/o-
51
Abdomen combing form
Abdomin/o-
52
Artery combing form
arteri/o-
53
Spell | Intestin/o-
Intestine
54
Intestine Combing form
Intestin/o-
55
Spell and simple meaning | Laryng/o-
Larynx; voice box
56
Larynx; voice box combing form
Laryng/o-
57
Muscle combing form
Muscul/o-
58
Thyroid gland combing form
Thyroid/o-
59
Tonsil combing form
Tonsill/o-
60
Vein combing form
Ven/o-
61
Spell, meaning and related word | arthr/o-
Meaning Joint Related word Arthritis
62
Joint combing form
arthr/o-
63
Spell, meaning and related word | cardi/o
Meaning Heart Related word Cardiac
64
Heart combing form
cardi/o-
65
Spell, meaning and related word | dermat/o-
Meaning Skin Related word Dermatologist
66
Skin combing form
Dermat/o-
67
Stomach combing form
gastr/o-
68
Breast combining form
mamm/o-
69
Nose combing form
nas/o-
70
Mind combing form
Psych/o-
71
Spell and meaning cholecyst/o- ( kow·luh·suhst )
Gallbladder
72
Gallbladder combing word
Cholecyst/o-
73
Meaning | cost/o-
Rib
74
Rib combing form
cost/o-
75
Intestine combine form(s)
Intestin/o- | enter/o-
76
enter/o- meaning
intestine
77
hepat/o- meaning
Liver
78
Liver combing form
Hepat/o-
79
Hyper/o- meaning and spell
Uterus; womb
80
Uterus; womb combing form
hyster/o-
81
lapar/o- meaning
Abdomen
82
Abdomen combining form(s)
abdomin/o- | lapar/o-
82
Combining form for | feeling; sensation
esthes/o-
83
Combining form | Means breathe; coil
spir/o-
84
Combining form for | To break up food
Digest/o-
85
Chrom/o- meaning
Color
86
erythr/o- meaning
Red
87
Red combing form(s)
erythr/o- | rub/o-
88
Yellow combing form
jaund/o-
89
Green combing form
verd/o-
90
Blue combining form
cyan/o-
91
Black combining form
melan/o-
93
White combing form(s)
albin/o- | leuk/o-
94
leuk/o- meaning
White
95
Suffixes have the following characteristics
* word part that is at the end of the * modifies Or clairifies the medical word * a single letter or group of letters that begins with a hyphen * most medical words contain a Suffix * occasional, a medical word has two suffixes, one right after the other ( example nutritional)
96
Medical word part | -ac
Suffix For an adjective | Pertaining to
97
Medical word part | -al
Suffix For an adjective Pertaining to Intestinal - pertaining to the intestine
98
Medical word part | -ar
Suffix For an adjective Pertaining to Muscular - pertaining to the muscle
99
Medical word part | -ary
Suffix For an adjective Pertaining to Urinary - pertaining to the urine
100
Medical word part | -ic
Suffix For an adjective Pertaining to Pelvic Pertaining to the pelvis
101
Medical word part | -ine
Suffix For an adjective Pertaining to: thing pertaining to Uterine - pertaining to the uterus
102
Medical word part | -ive
Suffix For an adjective Pertaining to Digestive Pertaining to breaking down food
103
Medical word part | -ous
SuffixFor an adjective | Pertaining to
104
Meaning of -ac | And give an example -ac
suffix - pertaining to | Cardiac - pertaining to the heart
105
Meaning of -ous | And give an example
Suffix - pertaining to | Venous - Pertaining to a vein
106
Medical word part | -ation
Suffix For a process Being, having, process Example: Urination Process ( of making ) urine
107
Medical Word part | -ion
Suffix For a process Action; condition Digestion Action of breaking down food
108
Medical word part | -ia
Suffix For a disease Condition; State; thing Pneumonia Condition of the lung
109
Spell medical term | Condition of the lung
Pneumonia
110
Medical word part | -ism
Suffix For disease Disease from specific causes; process Hypothyroidism Disease from a specific cause of deficient thyroid gland (hormone)
111
Spell medical term | Disease from a specific cause of deficient thyroid gland
Hypothyroidism
112
Medical word part | -itis
Suffix For disease Infection of; inflammation of Tonsillitis Infection of the tonsil
113
Spell medical term | Infection of the tonsil
Tonsillitis
114
Medical word part | -megaly
Suffix For a disease Enlargement Cardiomegaly Enlargement of the heart
115
Spell medical word | Enlargement of the heart
Cardiomegaly
116
Medical word part | –oma
Suffix For disease Mass; Tumor Neuroma Tumor of a nerve
117
Spell medical term | Tumor of a nerve
Neuroma
118
Medical word part | -osis
Suffix For disease Condition; process Psychosis Condition of the mind
119
Spell Medical term | Condition of the mind
Psychosis
120
Medical word part | -pathy
Suffix For disease Disease Arthropathy Disease of a joint
121
Spell medical term | Disease of a joint
Arthropathy
122
Medical word part | -ectomy
Suffix For a diagnostic, medical, or surgical procedure Surgical removal Appendectomy Surgical removal of the appedix
123
Spell medical term | Surgical removal of the appendix
Appendectomy
124
Medical word part | -gram
Suffix For a diagnostic, medical or surgical procedure Picture; record mammogram Picture of the breast
125
Spell medical term | Picture of the breast
Mammogram
126
Medical word part | -graphy
Suffix For a diagnostic, medical, or surgical procedure Process of recording Mammography Process of recording the breast
127
Spell medical term | Process of recording the breast
Mammography
128
Medical word part | -metry
Suffix For a diagnostic, medical, or surgical procedure Process of measuring Spirometry (spih-RAW-meh-tree) Process of measuring the breathing
129
Spelling of medical term | Process of measuring the breathing
Spirometry
132
Medical word part | -scope
Suffix for diagnostic, medical or surgical procedure Instrument used to examine Colonoscope Instrument used to examine the colon
133
Medical word part | -scopy
Suffixes for a diagnostic, medical or surgical procedure Process of using an instrument to examine Gastroscopy Process of using instrument to examine the stomach
134
Spell and pronounce Medical term | Process of using an instrument to examine the stomach
Gastroscopy | use mic to pronounce
135
Medical word part | -stomy
Suffixes for a diagnostic, medical or surgical procedure Surgically created opening Colostomy Surgically created opening in the colon
136
Spell and pronounce Medical term | Surgically created opening in the colon
Colostomy | use mic to pronounce
137
Medical word part | -therapy
Suffixes use for diagnostic, medical, or surgical procedure Treatment Psychotherapy Treatment of the mind
138
Medical word part | -tomy
Suffixes for a diagnostic medical or surgical procedure Process of cutting; process of making an incision Laparotomy Process of making incision in the abdomen
139
Spell and pronounce medical term | Process of making an incision in the abdomen
Laparotomy | Use mic to pronounce
140
Medical word part | -iatry
Suffixes for medical specialty or specialist Medical treatment Psychiatry Medical treatment for the mind
141
Spelling of medical term | Medical treatment for the mind
Psychiatry
142
Medical word part | -ics
Suffixes for medical specialty eye specialist Knowledge; practice Dietetics Knowledge and practice of diet and foods
143
Spelling and pronunciation of medical term Knowledge and practice of diet and foods
Dietetics | Use mic to pronounce
144
Medical word part | -ist
Suffixes for medical specialty or specialist Therapist Person who specializes in treatment
145
Characteristics of a prefix
* A prefix is the word part that is the beginning of a word. A prefix as an optional weird part, and not every medical word contains a prefix. * A prefix modifies or clarifies the medical meaning of the combining form * A prefix is a single letter or a group of letters that end with hyphen * Occasionally, a medical word has two prefixes, one right after the other.
146
Medical word part | Endo-
Prefixes for location or direction Innermost; With them Endotracheal Pertaining to with in the trachea
147
Spell and pronounce medical term Pertaining to within the trachea
Endotracheal
148
Medical word part | Epi-
Prefixes for location or direction above;upon Epidermal Pertaining to upon the skin
149
Spell and pronounce medical term Pertaining to upon the skin
Epidermal
150
Medical word part | Inter-
Prefixes for location or direction Between Intercostal Pertaining to between the ribs
151
Spell and pronounce medical term | Pertaining to between the ribs
Intercostal
152
Medical word part | Intra-
Prefixes for location or direction Within Intravenous Pertaining with in a vein
153
Spell medical term | Pertaining with in the vein
Intravenous
154
Medical word part | Peri-
Prefixes for location and direction Around Pericardial Pertaining to around the heart
155
Spell and pronounce medical term | Pertaining to around the heart
Pericardial
156
Medical word part | Post-
Suffixes for location or direction After; behind Postnasal Pertaining to behind the nose
157
Spell and pronounce medical term | Pertaining to behind the Nose
Postnasal
158
Medical word part | Pre-
Prefixes for location or direction before; in front of Premenstrual Pertaining to before the monthly discharge of blood
159
Medical word part | Sub-
Prefixes for location or Direction Below; underneath Subcutaneous Pertaining to underneath the skin
160
Medical word part | Trans-
Prefixes for a location or direction Across; through Transvaginal Pertaining to through the vagina

Medical langauge | Susan M turkey 4th Edition (2 decks)

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