Chapter 1: The Self, Society and Culture

Question 1

is a large social grouping that shares the same
geographical territory and is subject to the same political
authority and dominant cultural expectations.

Answer 1

SOCIETY

Question 2

companion

Answer 2

socius

Question 3

the study of
It is concerned with the study of people in a group context
and not as isolated individuals. It is the systematic study of
human society and social interactions.

Answer 3

logy

Question 4

means that the self is distinct from other selves

Answer 4

Separate

Question 5

means that a particular self’s traits, characteristics, tendencies, and
potentialities are more or less the same.

Answer 5

Consistency

Question 6

Self in itself can exist

Answer 6

Self-contained and independent

Question 7

in that it is the center of all experiences and thoughts that run through a certain
person.

Answer 7

Unitary

Question 8

means that each person sorts out information, feelings and emotions, and thought
processes within the self

Answer 8

Private

Question 9

a French anthropologist stated that self remains the same person yet adapts
in society as a chameleon.

Answer 9

Marcel Mauss

Question 10

basic identity, the person’s
sense of who he is, his body,
and biological givenness

Answer 10

MOI

Question 11

based on social concepts and

social roles one has to do

Answer 11

Personne

Question 12

Self is created through social interaction. Started in

childhood as children begin to learn language.

Answer 12

George Herbert Mead

Question 13

“The Self is born of society. The self is inseparable from
society and bound up with communication. It builds on
social experience. This is largely a matter of taking the role of others with increasing sophistication, broadening out from significant others to greater complexity.”

Answer 13

George Herbert Mead

Question 14

the perspectives and expectations of a
network of others (or a society in general)
that a child learns and then takes into
account when shaping his/her own
behavior

Answer 14

Generalized Others

Question 15

is the social self
is self as object
is the known

Answer 15

ME

Question 16

is the response
to the “me
self as subject
is the knower

Answer 16

I

Question 17

child learns the attitudes, values, and actions
appropriate to individuals as members of a particular
culture.

Answer 17

Primary

socialization

Question 18

individual’s peer groups, rather than parental figures,
influences his or her personality and behavior in
adulthood

Answer 18

Group

socialization

Question 19

process of learning the appropriate behavior as a

member of a smaller group within the larger society

Answer 19

Secondary

socialization

Question 20

an employee learns the knowledge and skills necessary

to assume his or her organizational role

Answer 20

Organizational

socialization

Question 21

also called social group agents, are structures and mechanisms of social order and
cooperation governing the behavior of a set of individuals within a given human
collectivity

Answer 21

Institutions

Question 22

-mimic the words and

imitate actions

Answer 22

PREPARATORY
STAGE (BIRTH – 2
YEARS

Question 23

Children start to play
pretend the role of
significant others. They
do not adhere to the
rules in organized games

Answer 23

PLAY STAGE (2 – 6
YEARS OLD)

Question 24

begin to understand and
adhere to the rules of the
games

Answer 24

GAME STAGE (7
YEARS OLD
ONWARDS)

Question 25

existence in a community comes before individual

consciousness

Answer 25

Mead

Question 26

THE LOOKING GLASS SELF

Answer 26

Charles Horton Cooley

Question 27

“One’s sense of self depends on
seeing one’s self-reflected in
interactions with others.”

Answer 27

Charles Horton Cooley

Question 28

Looking-Glass Self refers to a _____ that is based on how we think others see
us.

Answer 28

self-image

Question 29

believed that self is determined by what you believe other people think of you

Answer 29

Charles Horton Cooley

Question 30

He was particularly interested in how significant others shape us as individuals

Answer 30

Charles Horton Cooley

Question 31

is someone whose opinions matter to us and who is in a position to
influence our thinking, especially about ourselves.

Answer 31

Significant Other

Question 32

CONSTRUCTING SITUATIONS

AND DRAMA

Answer 32

ERVING GOFFMAN

Question 33

“People routinely behave like actors on stage.
Everyday social become theatrical. There are
roles, scripts, and actions. Daily life as a
series of stagecraft rules.”

Answer 33

ERVING GOFFMAN

Question 34

Goffman’s approach is sometimes referred to as the

Answer 34

dramaturgical

model

Question 35

which means the thing

we do in the immediate presence of others.

Answer 35

“interaction order”

Question 36

focuses on how individuals take on roles and act them
out to present a favorable impression to their audience, or in real life,
the people they interact with.

Answer 36

Dramaturgy

Question 37

How people create impressions that include both their
language and their body language. People make impressions by their
expressions.

Answer 37

Sign vehicles

Question 38

something that is subjected to change,

alteration, and development.

Answer 38

Gender

Question 39

biologically determined

Answer 39

Sex

Question 40

Outward presentation (may not match identity)
e.g. clothing, make-up

Answer 40

Gender expression

Question 41

Gender someone is sexually attracted to

Answer 41

Sexual orientation