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cna > chapter 1 the role of the nursing assistant > Flashcards

chapter 1 the role of the nursing assistant Flashcards

1
Q

mandated reporter

A

must report suspected abuse or neglect

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2
Q

ethics

A

code of moral standards

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3
Q

confidentiality

A

privacy and respecting someones wishes and information

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4
Q

OBRA

A

the law that states the standards for nursing homes and ensure the protection and safety of patients

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5
Q

assault

A

the threat to harm

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6
Q

battery

A
  • touching someone without permission
  • restraining
  • forcing someone to do something they don’t want to do
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7
Q

slander vs libel

A

slander: gossip damaging a person’s rep
libel: written lies damaging a person’s rep

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8
Q

uniform disciplinary act

A

discipline procedures for health professionals

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9
Q

false imprisonment

A

restraint of a persons freedom or movement

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10
Q

long term care facility

A

examples:

  • nursing home
  • adult family homes
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11
Q

abuse

A

harm of a person, physical or verbal

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12
Q

neglect

A

causing harm to someone due to not fulfilling duties and responsibilities

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13
Q

geriatric

A

the elderly

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14
Q

ombudsman

A

an official appointed to investigate individuals’ complaints against maladministration

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15
Q

Identify three members of the nursing department

A
  • CNA
  • LPN
  • RN
  • ARNP: nurse practitioner= RN with a masters degree
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16
Q

Name 3 members of the restorative/ rehabilitative department and describe what they do

A

physical therapist: develops plans of care to strengthen muscles and regain mobility
occupational therapist: develops plans of care to help the person regain ADLs, feeding themselves, dressing themselves
speech language pathologist: works with clients with speech problems and assists with eating and swallowing difficulties

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17
Q

What are your responsibilities regarding confidentiality??

A

HIPAA, we must only discuss people’s personal information with others in a non gossipy manner, and only to discuss the person’s care to help them. We must discuss people’s personal information only with those who can help us help them. You must protect the privacy of the client. Only speak in private areas, in a quiet voice so that nothing can be overheard.

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18
Q

Three things an NA isn’t allowed to do

A
  • give medication and pills, even vitamins and pain killers
  • tasks that involve piercing the skin
  • anything that requires tubes, inserting or removing tubes, nasogastric (through the nose) tube feeding, central line maintenance
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19
Q

How to become certified

A
  1. Complete state-approved CNA training
  2. Pass clinicals
  3. 40 hours of hired in person training at a hospital, clinic, certified place to work
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20
Q

3 ways to maintain privacy

A
  1. Close curtain
  2. close blinds, door, drapes
  3. expose only one part of the body at a time when bathing
  4. knock before entering a clients room
  5. Treat their belongings with respect
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21
Q

How can you assist client in voicing grievances??

A

somethings can be fixed on the spot, like cold coffee, but somethings need to be taken to your supervisor

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22
Q

hierarchy of needs

A
  1. physiological needs, food, water, shelter sleep
  2. safety needs
  3. love and belonging
  4. self esteem
  5. self actualization
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23
Q

clients bill of rights

A

The Client Bill of Rights is designed to recognize, promote, and protect, an individual’s right to be treated with dignity and respect within the health care system

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24
Q

Psycho social losses

A
  • retirement from work
  • decreased income
  • health problems
    death of spouse
    -increases isolation
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25
Q

workplace violence

A

can come from the client of the caregiver

- dementia patients especially

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26
Q

empathy

A

the ability to understand and share the feelings of another.

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27
Q

aging changes of the cardiovascular system

A

consists of heart, blood and blood vessels

  • hypertension: bp goes up
  • edema may occurs in lower legs and feet
  • blood vessels become narrow. less elastic, and possible clogged. leads to poor circulation throughout the body
  • heart attack, stroke, congestive heart failure
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28
Q

aging changes of the respiratory system

A

respiratory system: nose, throat, voice box, lungs

  • less effective coughs, less breathing capability
  • pneumonia
  • asthma
  • COPD
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29
Q

aging changes with the digestive system

A

includes: mouth, throat, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, gall bladder, pancreas
1. decreased appetite
2. absence of teeth, difficulty chewing and swallowing
3. greater risk of choking
- constipation
- fecal impaction
- hemorrhoids

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30
Q

aging changes with the muscular system

A

includes muscles, bones, ligaments, tendons, and cartilage

  1. decrease of muscle strength= atrophy and weakness
  2. bones are more brittle= leads to fractures
  3. joints become stiff= arthritis
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31
Q

aging changes in the urinary system

A

includes: kidneys, ureters, bladder
1. inability to hold urine, causes UTI
2. ENLARGED PROSTATE IN MEN

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32
Q

aphasia

A

inability to communicate verbally

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33
Q

subjective reporting

A

an individual describing their own subjective experience

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34
Q

objective reporting

A

fact-based, measurable and observable reporting

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35
Q

good communication

A
  • body language
  • facial expressions
  • tone of voice
  • relaxed
  • non threatening
  • speak clearly
  • be non judgemental
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36
Q

storing a hearing aid

A

turn it off, remove batteries, store in a clean and dry place

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37
Q

how to put in a hearing aid for a client

A
  • check batteries

- before putting in the hearing aid turn down the volume

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38
Q

things to remember about the medical record

A
  • must be kept confidential
  • can be subpoenaed for court
  • has results, orders, forms, contact information\
  • can be done on paper or electronically
  • has to be done in pen
  • don’t erase or white things out. draw a line and write error
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39
Q

contents of medical record

A
  • contact information
  • x-ray results
  • financial records
  • medication documentation
  • history
  • physical
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40
Q

things that must be reported to a nurse

A
  • falls
  • abnormal amounts of food or liquid consumption
  • any abnormal signs
  • reddening of skin
  • breaks in skin
  • cuts or bleeding
  • complaints of pain
  • abnormal vital signs
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41
Q

contracture

A

shortening or tightening of a muscle or tendon

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42
Q

what does Q mean?

A

every

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43
Q

oral care should be done…

A

Q every two hours

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44
Q

MRSA

A

A staph disease that is resistant to methacillin

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45
Q

staph

A

an infection from bacteria found on the skin or in the nose. Staph can also cause food poisoning resulting in nausea, vomiting, and stomach ache.

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46
Q

8 oz= ___ ccs

A
  1. Multiply the number of oz by three and add a zero
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47
Q

what are the grieving stages as described by Dr. Elizabeth Kubler-Ross?

A
  1. denial
  2. anger
  3. bargaining
  4. depression
  5. acceptance
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48
Q

what do pressure stockings prevent

A

edema, the swelling of parts of the body because of stored fluid, usually blood. Usually occurs on the legs and feet.

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49
Q

Bony promincences

A
  1. elbows
  2. coccyx
  3. ankles
  4. hips
  5. heels
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50
Q

Symptoms of impaction

A
  1. Bm smears

2. absence of normal BMs, constipation

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51
Q

What is defibralation

A

delivering shock to the heart from a AED

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52
Q

Causes of aggressive behavior in a client

A
  1. lack of control
  2. neglect
  3. being fearful
  4. lack of choices
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53
Q

Observations about stool that should be reported

A
  1. black stool
  2. stool with blood
  3. hard stool
54
Q

aging change in the skin

A
  1. dry
  2. fragile
  3. wrinkles
55
Q

aging change in vision

A

impaired depth perception

56
Q

What should you do if the client expresses thought of suicide?

A
  1. contact patients physician
  2. notify charge nurse immediately
  3. Con tact the national suicide lifeline
57
Q

When should you wash your hands

A
  1. between each client
  2. after removing gloves
  3. before putting on gloves
  4. after using the bathroom
58
Q

what is TB??

A

TB is a disease of the lungs.

Spread when the infected person coughs or sneezes

59
Q

what is VRE?

A

Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus

Spread through the touching

60
Q

what are vital signs??

A
  1. temperature
  2. respiration
  3. pulse
  4. blood pressure
61
Q

Different spots for pulse

A
  1. carotid pulse: neck
  2. brachial pulse: inner arm at the elbow
  3. apical pulse: chest pulse, use stethoscope
  4. radial pulse: wrist
62
Q

systolic and diastolic blood pressure

A

written as systolic pressure, the force of the blood against the artery walls as your heart beats, over diastolic pressure, the blood pressure between heartbeats.

63
Q

febrile definition

A

having or showing the symptoms of a fever

64
Q

tachycardia definition

A

fast heartbeat

65
Q

bradycardia definition

A

slow heartbeat

66
Q

dyspnea definition

A

difficult or labored breathing

67
Q

passive ROM vs Active ROM

A

passive ROM: someone performing them for you

active ROM: you performing the exercise for yourself

68
Q

physical signs if impending death

A
  1. Loss of Appetite
  2. labored breathing
  3. Increased Physical Weakness
  4. Changes in Urination
  5. Swelling to Feet, Ankles and Hands
69
Q

definition of palliative care

A

care giving approach aimed at optimizing quality of life and mitigating suffering among people with serious, complex illness

70
Q

what is pulse oximetry??

A

way to see how much oxygen is in the blood through the finger tip

71
Q

Why might specimens (stool, sputum, urine) be helpful?

A
  • A stool analysis is a series of tests done on a stool (feces) sample to help diagnose certain conditions affecting the digestive tract. These conditions can include infection (such as from parasites, viruses, or bacteria), poor nutrient absorption, or cancer
  • A urinalysis is a test of your urine. A urinalysis is used to detect and manage a wide range of disorders, such as urinary tract infections, kidney disease and diabetes.
  • A sputum test, is a test that your doctor may order when you have a respiratory tract infection or other lung-related disorder to determine what is growing in the lungs.
72
Q

What happens during psychosis

A

During a period of psychosis, a person’s thoughts and perceptions are disturbed and the individual may have difficulty understanding what is real and what is not.

73
Q

What is a transient ischemic attack?

A

A brief stroke-like attack that, despite resolving within minutes to hours, still requires immediate medical attention to distinguish from an actual stroke.

74
Q

What is bronchitis?

A

Inflammation of the lining of bronchial tubes, which carry air to and from the lungs.

75
Q

what is emphysema?? COPD??

A
  • In emphysema, the walls between many of the air sacs in the lungs are damaged.
  • A group of lung diseases that block airflow and make it difficult to breathe.
76
Q

true of false alzheimers is one of the leading causes of death in the US

A

true

77
Q

What are delusions

A

false beliefs

78
Q

difference between dementia and delirium

A

delirium comes immedietly and goes away within a few weeks

dementia comes slowly and stays. It’s a progressive mental disease

79
Q

What is sundowning

A

when the client has exaddurated dementia symptoms in late evening and early evening

80
Q

what is the integumentary system?

A

the skin system

81
Q

If you didn’t complete an assignment what should you do?

A

write in your initials, circle them, and notify the charge nurse

82
Q

Aphasia:
dysphagia:
dyspnea:
aspiration:

A
  1. inability to communicate verbally
  2. partial inability to speak
  3. difficulty/ painful breathing
  4. when anything gets inhaled into the airways
83
Q

cardio

A

heart

84
Q

hepa

A

liver

85
Q

gastro

A

stomach

86
Q

osteo

A

bone

87
Q

cerebro

A

brain

88
Q

hemiphlegia

A

half paralysis

89
Q

up ad lib C̅ BRP

A

up as desired with bathroom privileges

90
Q

NPO p (with bar) midnight until FBS in am

A

nothing by mouth after midnight until fasting blood sugar in the morning

91
Q

400 cc. PO TID c (with bar) meals

A

400 cubic centimetres by mouth 3 times a day with meals

92
Q

TID

A

three times a day

93
Q

up in w/c, assist c (with bar) transfers PRN

A

up in wheelchair, assist with transfers as necessary

94
Q

c with bar

A

with

95
Q

p with bar

A

after

96
Q

PRN

A

as necessary

97
Q

BID

A

two times a day

98
Q

take pt. to PT BID

A

take patient to physical therapy two times a day

99
Q

QID

A

four times a day

100
Q

Q

A

every

101
Q

admov.

A

apply

102
Q

BM

A

bowel movement

103
Q

pt.

A

patient

104
Q

SOB

A

short of breath

105
Q

amb

A

ambulate, to take on a walk

106
Q

amb pt. c (with bar) SBA to BR

A

ambulate patient with stand by assistance to bed rest

107
Q

SBA

A

stand by assistance

108
Q

BR

A

bed rest

109
Q

ROM to RUE QID

A

Range of motion to right upper extremity 4 times a day

110
Q

RUE

A

right upper extremity

111
Q

PROM to LUE BID

A

passive range of motion to left upper extremity twice a day

112
Q

Obtain TPR and BP and report to CN stat

A

obtain temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure and report to clinical nurse immediately

113
Q

check V.S. on client stat and QH after

A

check vital signs on client immediately and every hour after

114
Q

HR

A

heart rate

115
Q

post op

A

after surgery

116
Q

pre op

A

before surgery

117
Q

SOB

A

shortness if breath

118
Q

elevate HOB of the person c (with line) CHF

A

elevate head of bed of person with congestive heart failure

119
Q

temperature taken in the ear is called

A

tympanic

120
Q

Diastolic is pressure in the blood vessels when the heart

A

relaxes

121
Q

the color code for the rectal thermometer is

A

red

122
Q

normal respiration is

A

14-20 per minute

123
Q

normal rectal temperature is

A

99.6

124
Q

elevated body temp may indicate

A
  • infection
  • shock
  • inflammation
125
Q

bending an arm or leg is called

A

flexion

126
Q

self adaptive device to help with self feeding

A

food guards on plate, build up edge, rolling knife, spork

127
Q

self dressing devices

A
  • button hook
  • shoes with Velcro
  • shoe horn
128
Q

hazards of immobility

A
  • bone loss= osteoporosis
  • decubitus ulcers
  • contractures
129
Q

true or false: TB is spread through the air

A

true: can be spread through coughing, sneezing, singing, laughing

130
Q

mucus membranes

A

moist lining of mouth, nose, eyes, genitals

cna (1 decks)

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