Chapter 1: The Purpose and Promise of Special Education Flashcards
Impairment
Loss or reduced function of a particular body part or organ.
Disability
Exists when an impairment limits the ability to perform certain tasks.
Handicap
Is a problem, or disadvantage encountered when interacting with the environment.
At-Risk
Are children who have a greater than usual chance of developing a disability.
Special Education
Individually planned, specialized, intensive, goal-directed instruction. Characterized by the use of evidence-based teaching methods, the application of which is guided by direct and frequent measures of student performance.
Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE)
As guaranteed by the IDEA, schools must provide each qualifying child with disabilities a program of education and related services individually designed to meet their child’s unique needs and from which the child receives educational benefit, including being prepared for further education, employee, and independence living.
Least Restrictive Environment (LRE)
The educational setting that most closely resembles a regular school program and also meets the child’s special ed needs.
Due Process
Fair treatment through the normal judicial system, especially as a citizen’s entitlement
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) ensures that all children with disabilities are entitled to a free appropriate public education to meet their unique needs and prepare them for further education, employment and independent living.
Individualized Education Program (IEP)
The written document required by the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act for every child with a disability. This includes statements of present performance, annual goals, short-term objectives, specific educational services needed, extent of participation in gen. ed, evaluation procedures, and relevant dates. It must be signed by parents as well as educational personnel.
Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP)
A requirement of the IDEA for the coordination of early intervention services for infants and toddlers with disabilities from birth to age 3 years. Similar to the IEP, which is required for all school-age children with disabilities.
Assistive Technology
Any item, piece of equipment, or product system, whether acquired commercially off the shelf, modified, or customized, that is used to increase, maintain, or improve the functional capabilities of children with disabilities.
Universal Design for Learning (UDL)
An approach to developing curriculum materials and lessons that incorporate concepts from architecture and product design to make access and interaction with the materials accessible, motivating, and engaging for all learners.
Fluency
The combination of accuracy and speed that characterizes highly skilled performance; often measured by the number of responses per minute.
Exceptional Children
Children whose-performance deviates from the norm, either below or above, to the extent that special education is needed.