Chapter 1: The Particulate Nature of Matter Flashcards
What are the three state symbols?
s (solids), l (liquid), g (gas)
What are the properties of solids?
Have a fixed volume and shape
What are the properties of liquids?
Have a fixed volume but no definite shape; Take up the shape of the container
What are the properties of gases?
Have no fixed volume or shape; Spread out to fill the space they are in
What is the structure of solids?
Joined by chemical bonds. They have a fixed arrangement and vibrate around a fixed point
What is the structure of liquids?
Held together by weaker chemical bonds. Do not have a fixed arrangement and particles flow
What is the structure of gases?
Particles further apart with enough energy to move apart from each other. Fill the container they are in
What is condensation?
The change of state from a gas to a liquid when a substance cools.
What is a state change from a gas to a solid called?
Deposition
What is a state change from a solid to a gas called?
Sublimation
What is an atom?
The simplest particle of matter
What is a molecule?
Particles compromised of atoms that are joined together by a chemical bond
What is diffusion?
The net movement of particles from a region of their higher concentration to a region of their lower concentration down a concentration gradient, as a result of their random movement
What happens to particles when you heat it?
The particles gain more kinetic energy and the particles vibrate more; breaks the bond between particles
How does the mass of particles affect its rate of diffusion?
Low mass particles of gases and liquids will diffuse faster than higher mass particles
