Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Anatomy & Physiology > Chapter 1 The Human Body Orientation > Flashcards

Chapter 1 The Human Body Orientation Flashcards

1
Q

Define anatomy

A

The structure of the body its parts and their relationships to one another.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Gross anatomy

A

Study of large body structures visible to the naked eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Regional anatomy

A

All structures in a given area studied at one time.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

System anatomy

A

Gross anatomy is studied system by system.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Surface anatomy

A

The study of the internal body structures as they relate to the skin surface.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Palpable

A

Capable of being touched

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Palpation

A

Physical examination for medical diagnosis by pressure of the hands or fingers to the surface of the body to determine the condition of the underlying part.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Microscopic anatomy

A

Concerns structures too small to be seen with the naked eye.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Histology

A

Considers tissues.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Cell biology

A

Considers cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Embryology

A

Concerns the developmental changes that occur before birth and helps to explain birth defects.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Renal physiology

A

Kidney function.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Neurophysiology

A

Workings of nervous system.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cardiovascular physiology

A

examines operation of heart and blood vessels.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Principle of complementary of structure and function

A

Anatomy and physiology are inseparable; function is always reflected in structure.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Cells

A

Basic unit of life, made of molecules.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Tissues

A

Consists of similar types of cells that have a common function.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Epithelium

A

A covering body surfaces and lines body cavities.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Muscles

A

Provides movement.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Connective tissue

A

Supports and protects the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Nervous tissue

A

Provides a means of rapid communication for the body via electrical impulses.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Organ

A

A discrete structure composed of two or more tissues that performs specific function for the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Organ system

A

Organs that work closely together to accomplish a purpose.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Organism

A

A single living thing; i.e., a human being.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Integumentary system
Forms external body covering. Helps regulate body temperature. Protects deeper tissue from injury. Contains receptors for pain, pressure etc. sweat and oil glands.
26
Skeletal system
Protects and supports body organs. Provides a framework for muscles that cause movements. Blood cells are formed within bones. Stores minerals.
27
Muscular system
Allows environment to be manipulated. Permits movement. Maintains posture. Produces heat.
28
Nervous system
Responds to internal and external changes by activating muscles and glands. Fast acting control system.
29
Endocrine system
Glands secrete hormones, chemical messengers that regulate processes like growth, reproduction, nutrient use. Blood vessels transport materials, such as O2, CO2, nutrients, wastes via blood. Heart pumps blood.
30
Lymphatic System
Picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels. Involved in immunity. Houses white blood cells. Mounts attacks against foreign organisms.
31
Respiratory system
Keeps blood constantly supplied with oxygen. Removes carbon dioxide.
32
Digestive system
Breaks down food into absorbable units that enter the blood for distribution to body cells. Eliminates indigestible material.
33
Urinary system
Eliminates nitrogenous wastes (Proteins contain nitrogen). Regulates water electrolyte, and acid-base balance of blood.
34
Reproductive system
Production of offspring
35
Maintenance of Boundaries
Internal environment must be distinct from external.
36
Movement
Locomotion movement of substances.
37
Responsiveness
The ability to sense changes (stimuli) in the environment and respond to them.
38
Digestion
Break-down and absorption of nutrients.
39
Metabolism
All the chemical reactions in the body cells; produces energy; makes the body structures.
40
Excretion
The process of removing excreta, or wastes, from the body structures.
41
Growth
Increases cell size and number of cells.
42
Normal body temperature
37 Degrees Celsius or 98.6 Degrees Fahrenheit
43
Atmospheric Pressure
The force exerted on the surface of the body by the weight of the air.
44
Homeostasis
Maintenance of stable internal environment.
45
Communication
Accomplished by nervous and endocrine systems.
46
Receptor
Some type of sensor that monitors the environment and responds to changes called stimuli by sending information to control center along the afferent pathway.
47
Control center
Determines the set point (level or range) at which a variable is to be maintained; information flows from control center to effector.
48
Effector
Provides the means for the control center's response.
49
Negative feedback mechanism
Depresses stimulus, control mechanism is shut off.
50
Positive feedback mechanism
Reaction is stimulated to continue.
51
Cascade Effect
Set off a series of events that have an amplifying effect.
52
Anatomical Position
Initial reference point, resembles standing at attention.
53
Superior
Cranial
54
Inferior
Caudal
55
Anterior
Ventral
56
Posterior
Dorsal
57
Superficial
External
58
Deep
Internal
59
Axial
Makes up the main axis of our body. Includes head, neck and trunk.
60
Appendicular
Consists of appendages or limbs which are attached to the axial portion. Includes arms and legs.
61
Sagittal Plane
A vertical plane that divides the body into UNEQUAL right and left portions.
62
Midsagittal section
Cut along the median plane; right and left parts are EQUAL in size.
63
Coronal or Frontal Plane
A vertical plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions.
64
Transverse or Horizontal Plane
A horizontal plane that divides the body in top superior and inferior portions.
65
Longitudinal Section
A section through a plane along the long axis of an organ.
66
Cross Section
A section through a plane perpendicular (90 degrees) to the long axis of an organ.
67
Oblique Section
A section through a plane at an angle other than 90 degrees to the long axis of an organ.
68
Viscera
Internal organ located in a large body cavity of the trunk.
69
Cranial Cavity
Contains the brain.
70
Vertebral (Spinal) Cavity
Contains the spinal cord.
71
Diaphragm
A dome shaped muscular partition needed for breathing.
72
Thoracic Cavity
Superior subdivision.
73
Abdominopelvic Cavity
Inferior subdivision.
74
Abdominal Cavity
Houses liver, stomach, spleen, intestines, kidneys.
75
Pelvic Cavity
Houses bladder, rectum, female reproductive organs, internal male reproductive organs.
76
Oral Cavity
Contains teeth and tongue.
77
Digestive Cavities
Hollow within continuous digestive tract that opens to the exterior at the anus.
78
Nasal Cavity
Within and posterior to nose.
79
Orbital Cavity
Lie medial to the eardrums, contain tiny bones which transmit sound vibrations for hearing.
80
Synovial Cavities
Joint cavities, enclosed by fibrous capsule, surround freely movable joints, membranes lining cavity make lubricating fluid to reduce friction between bones that form joint.
81
Umbilical Region
Surrounds the (navel), the center most region.
82
Epigastric
(Epi- upon, gastric- stomach, above the umbilical region.
83
Hypogastric
(Hypo-below), region below the umbilical region.
84
Iliac region
(Right/left); located lateral to the hypogastric region (iliac= superior part of the coral (pelvic) bone.
85
Lumbar
Lie lateral to the umbilical region (lumbar- lower back)
86
Hypochondriac region
Lie lateral to the epigastric region (chrondro= cartilage, in this case refers to the coastal cartilages of the rib cage)

Anatomy & Physiology (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions