Chapter 1 The Human Body Flashcards
Physiology
Study of how the body and it’s parts work or function.
Anatomy
The study of the structure and shape of the body and body parts and their relationships to one another.
Atoms
Tiny building blocks of matter.
Cells
Smallest units of all living things.
Organ
A structure, composed of two or more tissue types, that preforms a specific function.
Organ system
A group of organs that cooperate to accomplish a common purpose.
Organism
The highest level of structural organization.
Integumentary system
The external covering of the body, or the skin.
Levels of structural complexity
Chemical level, cellular level, tissue level, organ level, organ system level, organismal level
Skeletal system
Supports the body and provides framework
Muscular system
Causes movement
Nervous system
The body’s fast acting control system
Endocrine system
Controls body activities, produces hormones.
Cardiovascular system
Carries nutrients, oxygen, and hormones to the body through blood flow
Lymphatic system
Complementary to the cardiovascular system
Respiratory system
Supplies body with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide
Digestive system
Breaks down food and delivers products to the blood for dispersal to the body cells
Urinary system
Removes the nitrogen containing wastes from the blood and flushes them from the body.
Reproductive system
Producing offspring
Movement
All activities promoted by the muscular system
Responsiveness/ irritability
Ability to react to stimuli
Digestion
Process of breaking down ingested food into simple molecules
Metabolism
Chemical actions that occur within the body.
Excretion
Process of removing wastes from the body.
