Chapter 1 The Human Body Flashcards
Is it possible to study anatomy and physiology separately?
No
Principle of complementarity of structure and function
What a structure can do depending on it’s form
Example of principle of complementarity in the human body
Bones support and provide structure
8 levels of structural organization
- chemical
- cellular
- tissue
- organ
- organ system
- organism system
List the 8 things all complex animals carry out
maintain boundaries, metabolize, reproduce, grow, take in and digest nutrients, respond to environment, move, and dispose of waste
2 ways we maintain boundaries
skin and cells
What is responsive irritability?
that ability to sense changes
What body system is highly involved with responsiveness?
Nervous system
What is digestion?
The breakdown of food
How are nutrients distributed through the body?
Cardiovascular system distributed nutrients to the body
What is metabolism?
The chemical reactions that occur within body cells
Catabolism
Breaking down substances
Anabolism
Building substances
What system regulates metabolism?
Endocrine system
What is excretion?
The process of removing waste from the body
What systems participate in excretion and what do they excrete?
- digestive system: feces
- urinary: nitrogen
How does reproduction occur at the cellular level?
mitosis
How does reproduction occur at the organism level?
sperm unites with egg
What do males and females contribute to reproduction?
Male- sperm
Female- egg
What is growth?
Increase in size of body part or organism
How does growth occur?
Occurs by increasing number of cells
5 survival needs
Nutrients, carbs, oxygen, water, normal body temp, atmospheric pressure
What is homeostasis?
The ability to maintain relatively stable internal conditions although outside world changed
T or F one system maintains homeostasis
F
