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PSYC 104 > Chapter 1: The Evolution of Psychology > Flashcards

Chapter 1: The Evolution of Psychology Flashcards

1
Q

What did Wilhelm Wundt study?

A

The scientific of conscious experiences

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2
Q

Who was from Germany (hint: 1832-1920

A

Wilhelm Wundt

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3
Q

What did Edward Titchener study?

A

Structuralism, Introspection & Analyzing consciousness into basic elements

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4
Q

What did William James study?

A

Functionalism, Function & Purpose

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5
Q

What did William James go more into depth?

A

Mental Testing, Developmental patterns & Sex difference

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6
Q

What did John B. Watson found? Where was he from?

A

Founder of BEHAVIOURISM. USA

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7
Q

Who said: “ARE WE WHO WAS ARE BECAUSE OF NATURE OR NURTURE?”
What side was he on?

A

John B. Watson & Nurture

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8
Q

What did Sigmund Freud found? Where was he from?

(hint: He was Psyco) What was his emphasis?

A

Founded Psychoanalytic School of Thought. Emphasis on the unconscious

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9
Q

What was freewill to Freud & Skinner?

A

AN ILLUSION

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10
Q

What did B.F Skinner believe in?

A

Environmental factors determined behaviour-no choice in the matter
Response good & Bad

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11
Q

Who believed in STRUCTURALISM?

A

Edwards Titchener

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12
Q

Who believed in Functionalism?

A

William James

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13
Q

Who was the founder in BEHAVIOURISM?

A

John B. Watson

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14
Q

Who focused on the Stimulus-Response relationship?

A

John B. Watson

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15
Q

What did Sigmund Freud believe about Religion?

A

It was bad for society & it was a wish. No purpose for living

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16
Q

Who was a Materialist & Pessimist? (He was crazy)

A

Signmund Freud

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17
Q

Who believed Psychoanalytic Theory & Behaviourism= DEHUMANISING

A

Carl Rogers & Abraham Maslow

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18
Q

Who created a new school of thought?

A

ROGERS & MASLOW

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19
Q

What was the Emphasis on in the new school of thought?

A

Emphasis on the unique human qualities of humans. And Freedom and Personal Growth

20
Q

Who established the first experimental lab at UofT

A

James Mark Baldwin

21
Q

What other association did Baldwin help found?

A

American Psychological Association

22
Q

What were Brenda Miller & Donald Hebb?

A

Neuroscientists

23
Q

What was Hebbs behaviour model?

A

You dont have to break a bone to know it hurts

24
Q

What is Clinical Psychology?

What happened after WW2

A

Diagnosis & treatment of psychological problems and disorders
Academic Psychologists had to become Clinicians to treat trauma

25
Q

What is Cognition?

A

Mental process involved in acquiring knowledge (thinking and learning)

26
Q

What did Jean Piaget focus on?

A

Cognition and working with children

27
Q

What did Noam Chomsky focus on?

A

Cognition & Language

28
Q

What did Herbert A. Simon focus on (2 points)

A

Neuroscience & Decision Making.

Application of Scientific Methods to study internal mental events

29
Q

What is Biological perspective?

A

Behaviour explained in terms of psychological process (neuroscience)

30
Q

What did OLDS test?

A

Electrical stimulation in the brains of animals evokes an emotional response

31
Q

What did SPERRY test?

A

Left and Right brain specialization. Either side has their own mental job(more in chap 3)

32
Q

What did HEBB believe?

What was his importance?

A

Cell-assemblies describe neural network

Importance of brain behaviour

33
Q

What was important to HEBB?

What did he argue?

A

IMPORTANT opposite to the dominance of the BEHAVIOURIST models
-Argued that beginning of behaviour should be in the brain and cell assembly

34
Q

What is Cell Assembly?
No single what?
Fire & Wire?

A

it resembles cognitive units that together or con facilitate behaviours

  • No single cell affects dramatically
    • many cells are required to fire together
    • ”Cells that fire together wire together
35
Q

What are joining pathways?

A

The more time you spend on something the more likely a pathway will be created.
-Can be good or bad

36
Q

What is Ethnocentrism?

A

Viewing one’s group is superior to others and a standard of judging

37
Q

When was there an increased interest on hoe cultural factors influenced behaviour? Increased Cultural Diversity

A

1980s

38
Q

What Evolutionary Psychology

A

Natural selection occurs for behavioural as we as physical, characteristics

39
Q

Who were the late comers to Evolutionary Psychology ?

BDWC&T

A

Buss, Daly, Wilson, Cosmides & Toby

40
Q

What was criticisms of Evolutionary psychology

A 
Untestable.
"See a behaviour & then make your theory fit the behaviour"
mistakes were made
White supreeisits
MEN 
No individual choice
41
Q

What is the functional product of Natural Selection?

A

Evolutionary Theory

42
Q

Example of Evolutionary psychology?

A

Advantage of rape
Reproductive strategy to eliminate the weak
If you can not survive it -means you need to be eliminated

43
Q

What did Darwin believe about evolutionary psychology?

A

That it was survival of the fittest

44
Q

Who was Martin Seligman?

What did he use to defend his work?

A

Studied positive emotional experience

theory & research to better understand the positive aspects of human existence

45
Q

What is psychology today?

Vigorous & Diversified

A

Studies behaviour & the psychological & cognitive processes that underlie in it
-A profession that applies an accumulated knowledge of science to practical problems

PSYC 104 (1 decks)

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