Chapter 1 The Earth Flashcards
(24 cards)
Mantle
Semi molten hot rock underneath the earths crust
Crust
The crust is the earths outer skin and consistes of solid rock
Core
The centre of the earth and can reach temperatures of over 5000C
Magma
Semi molten material that makes up the earths mantle
Plate tectonics
Plate tectonics are the theory that the earth is divided into many consistently moving plates
Plate boundaries
Plate boundaries are the areas on the earths crust where plates meet
Destructive boundaries
Destructive boundaries are when two plates crash together and when they crash together the heavier plate sinks
Constructive boundaries
Are when two plates separate and magma rises to the surface and a volcano is created
Convection currents
Convection currents in the mantle cause the plates of the crust to move
Pangaea
Pangaea is one super continent was formed over 200 million years ago
Continental drift
Continental drift was when Pangaea pull apart and the continents form as they are today
Mid-ocean ridge
The mid-ocean ridge is an underwater mountain range
Crater
The crater is the top of a volcano
Vent
The vent is the hole in the earth where the magma flows through
Magma reservoir
The magma reservoir is a place in the mantle where magma is stored
Active
Active means a volcano is still erupting at regular intervals
Dormant
The volcano has been quiet for hundreds of years but could erupt again
Extinct
The volcano has not erupted in recorded times(thousands of years)
Earthquake
An earthquake is a sudden movement or trembling of the earths crust
Fault line
The plates move on the fault line
Tremor
The tremors spread out from the focus
Focus
The focus is the point deep in the earths crust where the earthquake begins
Epicentre
The epicentre is the point on the surface directly above the focus
Aftershock
Smaller tremors called aftershocks may occur hours or days after the main earthquake
