Chapter 1 Test

Question 1

Residual Equation

Answer 1

4th Residual;

R4 = y4 - [f(x4)]

Question 2

What is the correlation coefficient and what does it provide

Answer 2

The “r” value and provides direct (+ or -) and the strength

Question 3

What is the coefficient of determination and what does it tell

Answer 3

It is the “r^2” value. It shows the strength. The percentage shows the percentage of variance in the “y” that’s a result of the variance in the “x”

Question 4

How to convert “r” to “r^2”

Answer 4

Square the “r” value

Question 5

How to convert “r^2” to “r”

Answer 5

You square root the “r^2”

Question 6

What is a class interval

Answer 6

Spread of values within an individual category

Question 7

What is a frequency table used to do

Answer 7

List variables and their frequency

Question 8

6 discrete/categorical graphs

Answer 8

• Frequency table
• Stem-Leaf graph
• Pictograph
• Bar graph
• Scatter plot
• Circle graph

Question 9

3 Continuous graphs

Answer 9

• Histogram
• Broken line Graph
• Circle Graph

Question 10

What is a sample and what is the minimum percent of population required to be surveyed

Answer 10

Part of population used to collect info about the whole population and minimum of 20%

Question 11

What is a Casual Relationship

Answer 11

When one variable directly affects the other

Question 12

What is a census

Answer 12

When you ask everyone in a population rather than a sample

Question 13

2 things about making a Thesis

Answer 13

• NEVER say “clearly seen”, act like u haven’t seen the data

- Compare variables rather than people

Question 14

What is the range for a STRONG correlation

Answer 14

0.7

Question 15

What is the range for a WEAK correlation

Answer 15

0.3

Question 16

Cross sectional study

Answer 16

Study that considers individuals from different groups at the same time

Question 17

Longitudinal study

Answer 17

Study of a single group (or sample) over a long period of time

Question 18

Time series data

Answer 18

Data that has been accumulated over a long period of time

Question 19

Quantitative variables

Answer 19

Variables that can be measured numerically

Question 20

Qualitative variables

Answer 20

variables that can’t be measured numerically

Question 21

Discrete data examples

Answer 21

• Number of people

- Number of cars

Question 22

Examples of categorical

Answer 22

• “people that like school”

- “people that like the colour blue”

Question 23

Examples of continuous

Answer 23

• weight
• age
• time

Question 24

What is random sampling and why is it used

Answer 24

Sampling occurring by chance and is used to minimize bias

Question 25

How to find sampling interval

Answer 25

Population size / Sample size

Question 26

What are the 6 Random Sampling Techniques

Answer 26

1. Simple
2. Systematic
3. Stratified
4. Cluster
5. Multi-Stage
6. Destructive

Question 27

What is Simple Random Sampling

Answer 27

Where all people within the population are equally likely to be selected to be used in the sample group

Question 28

What is Systematic Random Sampling

Answer 28

HELP

Question 29

What is Stratified Random Sampling

Answer 29

Divides population into groups called “strata”, a simple random sample is then taken from each stratum

Question 30

What is Cluster Random Sampling

Answer 30

Organizes population into groups and then entire groups are randomly selected

Question 31

What is Multi-Stage Random Sampling

Answer 31

Organizes population into groups and then a Simple Random Sample is taken from randomly selected groups

Question 32

What is Destructive Random Sampling

Answer 32

Requires that the samples that are taken are destroyed in the process of testing (cars in crash tests)

Question 33

What is “Bias”

Answer 33

An in intended influence in a data gathering method

Question 34

4 Types of Bias

Answer 34

1. Sampling Bias
2. Non-Response Bias
3. Household Bias
4. Response Bias

Question 35

When asked for “types of variables” what is it asking for?

Answer 35

Asking whether it is discrete, categorical, or continuous

Question 36

What must you include in an Analysis

Answer 36

• “r” value
• the word Strong, Weak, or No Correlation
• whether it is positive or negative correlation
• the percentage of relationship “r^2”
• mention the residuals to help prove the correlation to be strong or weak
• Use “after collecting the data” rather than “after taking the survey”