Chapter 1 Test Flashcards
Lithosphere(crust)
shell of rock surrounding the Earth
Earths shape appears to be…
A perfect sphere but it’s true shape is an oblate spheroid
2 most abundant elements of the lithosphere
Oxygen and silicon
Hydrosphere
The liquid water supply on Earths surface
~Oceans,rivers,lakes and groundwater
2 most abundant elements of the hydrosphere
Hydrogen and oxygen
Atmosphere
shell of gases that surrounds the Earth
2 most abundant elements of the atmosphere
Nitrogen and oxygen
The 4 layers of the ATMOSPHERE
Troposphere
Stratosphere
Mesosphere
Thermosphere
The 3 properties illustrated..
1) temperature
2) pressure
3) water vapor
_____of the mass of the atmosphere is in the troposphere
99%
Latitude
Measures your angular distance form the equator
~North or South
~maximum latitude=90
Longitude
Measure angular distance from the prime meridian
~west or east
~maximum longitude=180
Polaris
North Star, it is located directly above the North axis
~Polaris does not move
~other stars move around Polaris
As your latitude decreases,
the altitude of Polaris decreases
Height of Polaris is _____ to the latitude of the observer
equal
Polaris is located in the sky
Above the pointer stars in the Big Dipper and it is in the Little Dipper
Earth rotates how many degrees per hour
15 degrees/ hour
You____time going east and____time going west
Gain
Lose
How many time zones are there?
24
If you are located WEST of the Prime Meridian then your local time is_____ of the Prime Meridian
Earlier
If you live EAST of the Prime Meridian then your local time is_____than Prime Meridian time
Later
What is time based on?
The suns position in the sky
Earth rotates…
Counter clockwise
West to east
Greenwich Mean Time
Is the time at the Prime Meridian
Local Solar Time
Is the time at your longitude
Relief
Is the difference in elevation between 2 points on a map
Elevation
Height above sea level
Contour line
Connects places with the same elevation and shows the shape of the land
Contour INTERVAL
Difference in height between two adjacent contour lines
Ex. One line is 40 and another is 30 the contour interval is 10
Index contour lines
Are drawn darker and are labeled
Ex. One dark line is 400 and another dark line is 350 the index contour is 50
Gradient=
change in field value
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Distance
How do you know which way a stream flows?
A stream flows opposite the bends of the contour lines
Describe how contour lines appear when a slope is steep
They appear close together
What shape indicates a hilltop?
Small circles
Describe the appear of a depression contour line
Hachures
The hugest possible elevation of a hill or mountain is
One less than the next possible contour line
