Chapter 1 Terms

Question 1

Psychology

Answer 1

Scientists study of behavioral and mental processes; science, behavior, mental processes

Question 2

Science

Answer 2

Systematic methods used to observe human behavior and draw conclusions

Question 3

Behavior

Answer 3

Anything a person does that can be directly observed

Question 4

Mental processes

Answer 4

Feelings, thoughts, and motives that are privately experienced but can’t be observed directly

Question 5

Critical thinking

Answer 5

Process of thinking actively and deeply by asking questions and evaluating evidence

Question 6

Empirical method

Answer 6

Gaining knowledge from observing events, data collected and logically reasoning

Question 7

Wilhelm Wundt

Answer 7

Structuralism, he created the first psychology laboratory

Question 8

William James

Answer 8

Functionalism, founder of psychodynamic approach

Question 9

Structuralism

Answer 9

Elemental parts and structure of human mind

Question 10

Functionalism

Answer 10

Purpose and function of mind and behavior in certain environments

Question 11

Biological Approach

Answer 11

Examination of behavioral and mental processes, in the brain and nervous system

Question 12

Neuroscience

Answer 12

Study of the structure, function, genetics, development, and biochemistry in the nervous system

Question 13

Behavioral approach

Answer 13

Observable behavior responses and the environment, focusing on visible organisms behavior

Question 14

Psychodynamic Approach

Answer 14

An unconscious thought, conflict between biological

Question 15

Humanistic Approach

Answer 15

A persons positive qualities; positive growth and freedom in choosing their destiny

Question 16

Cognitive Approach

Answer 16

Mental process in knowing how to direct attention, remember, think, perceive and solve problems

Question 17

Evolutionary Approach

Answer 17

Evolutionary ideas; reproduction, adaptation, natural selection to explain certain human behaviors

Question 18

Sociocultural Approach

Answer 18

Influence of cultural and social environments to behavior

Question 19

Biopsychosocial Approach

Answer 19

Behavior influenced by biological, sociocultural and psychological factors

Question 20

Variable

Answer 20

Changeable

Question 21

Theory

Answer 21

An idea related to observations

Question 22

Hypothesis

Answer 22

Testable prediction from a theory

Question 23

Operational definition

Answer 23

Description of how variable will be measured and observed in study

Question 24

Descriptive Research; Case Study/history

Answer 24

Depth look into a single individual

Question 25

Correlational Research; correlational research

Answer 25

Relationships between variables, purpose or examine how variables change together

Question 26

Experiment

Answer 26

A procedure that a variable or more influence another variable

Question 27

Random Assignment

Answer 27

Assign participants by chance

Question 28

Independent Variable

Answer 28

Experimental factor

Question 29

Dependent Variable

Answer 29

The outcome, it can change the experiment in response

Question 30

Experimental Group

Answer 30

Participants who receive treatment

Question 31

Control Group

Answer 31

A comparison against the testing group

Question 32

Placebo Effect

Answer 32

Participants expectations make an outcome

Question 33

Placebo

Answer 33

Harmless substance with no physiological effect

Question 34

Population

Answer 34

A group to used to draw conclusions

Question 35

Sample

Answer 35

Subset population choose to be studied

Question 36

Random Sample

Answer 36

Each member of a population fairly given a chance to be selected

Question 37

Naturalistic Observation

Answer 37

Observing behaviors at a real world setting