Chapter 1- Sustainability and future development

Question 1

Name past wars that have occurred over trade and resources

Answer 1

LIBYA 2011; bombed by US, UK and France under NATO sanctions. The nation has been in a terrible civil war ever since.
IRAQ 2003; The US + UK invaded Iraq with the fictional story that Saddam Hussein had WMDs. This was found out to be false and was more to do with establishing control over the nations oil.
RUSSIA, USA, CANADA, NORWAY, DENMARK CURRENT; These nations are racing to stake a claim in the North Pole. As the ice caps have melted, vast reserves of oil, natural gas and precious metals and minerals have become accessible

Question 2

What event caused the increase in population, and what was the population before this event ?

Answer 2

The industrial revolution caused a huge increase in population from 1 billion 200 years ago to 7.2 billion current this number is projected to rise to 9.2 billion by 2050

Question 3

What is the equation credited to Ehlrich that linked the various sources of environmental impact to the overall impact

Answer 3

I = P x A x T

I = impact       
P = population 
A = affluence 
T = technology

Question 4

What is they life cycle of a product?

Answer 4

STAGE 1 - The resources needed to make the goods in the first place
STAGE 2 - The resources needed to use the product e.g. fuel etc
STAGE 3 - The resources implicated at the end of the products service

Question 5

What is the meaning of ecological footprint?

Answer 5

• Compares mean demand on nature with the biospheres ability to regenerate resources and provide services.
• The ecological footprint represents the productive area required to provide renewable resources humanity is using to absorb its waste. The value can then be compared to the biocapacity

Question 6

What are nations who calculate their ecological footprint able to do?

Answer 6

1- Asses the value of their asset
2- Monitor and manage their risks
3 - Identify the risks associated with ecological deficits
4 - Set policy that is informed by ecological reality and makes safe guarding resources a top priority

Question 7

What is the meaning of carbon footprint?

Answer 7

• Consists of the net green house gasses emitted by an entity, individual, organisation or nation.
• A carbon footprint is often expressed as tonnes of carbon dioxide or tonnes of carbon emitted, usually on a yearly basis.

Question 8

What is the OPL ?

Answer 8

• OPL is an initiative to make truly sustainable living a reality. OPL uses Eco foot-printing and CO2 foot-printing as head line indicators.
• The concept of OPL grew from bio regional work to build the BEAZED Eco village in south London.

Question 9

How do individuals create a carbon footprint?

Answer 9

> CAR TRAVEL- Depends on distance driven,fuel efficiency and number of passengers/cars
AIR TRAVEL- Depends on distance and number of flights
BOAT TRAVEL- Depends on distance traveled, fuel efficiency and size of the bus
PUBLIC TRANSPORT- Bus, train, trams
ELECTRICITY USE- Does the electricity come from fossil fuel plants, high carbon footprint
HOME HEATING- Again are fossil fuels used, of biomass or heat pump
FOOD MILES- Sourced locally reduces transport cost considerably, reducing carbon footprint
DIET- Eating meat equals larger carbon footprint than vegetables