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DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY > CHAPTER 1: STUDY OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT > Flashcards

CHAPTER 1: STUDY OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT Flashcards

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1
Q

Human Development

A

Scientific study of processes of change and stability throughout the human life span

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2
Q

The main task of developmental psychologists

A

Look at ways in which people change from conception through maturity as well as at characteristics that remain fairly stable

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3
Q

Life span development

A

From “womb to tomb” comprising the entire lifespan from conception to death

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4
Q

Goals of developmental psychology

A

DEPI

Description (Describe)
Explanation (Explain)
Prediction (Predict)
Intervention (Intervene)

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5
Q

3 Domains of Development

A

Physical, Cognitive, Psychosocial

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6
Q

8 Periods of Lifespan

A
  1. Prenatal (conception - birth)
  2. Infancy & Toddlerhood (birth - 3)
  3. Early Childhood (3 - 6)
  4. Middle Childhood (6 - 11)
  5. Adolescence (11 - 20)
  6. Emerging Adulthood / Young Adulthood (20 -40)
  7. Middle Adulthood (40 - 65)
  8. Late Adulthood (over 65)
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7
Q

Influences on Development

A
  1. Nature
    - Heredity
    - Maturity
  2. Nurture
    - SocioHistorical Context
    - Critical / Sensitive Periods
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8
Q

Nature

A

Internal influences on development such as heredity and biological processes

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9
Q

Heredity

A

Inborn traits and characteristics inherited from a child’s biological parents

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10
Q

Genetic roll of dice

A

The random nature of genetic inheritance

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11
Q

Nurture

A

Influences outside the body; the environment

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12
Q

The environment during prenatal period

A

Womb

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13
Q

Maturation

A

The unfolding of a natural sequence of physical and behavioral changes

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14
Q

Deviation from norms of occurences

A

Delayed or advanced

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15
Q

Social contexts that influence development

A
  1. Family
  2. Socioeconomic Status (SES)
  3. Culture and Race / Ethnicity
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16
Q

Nuclear family

A

Two-generational kinship, economic and household unit consisting of one or two parents and their children

17
Q

Influences of the changes in the traditional nuclear family

A
  1. Urbanization
  2. Divorce
  3. Diversity
18
Q

Extended family

A

Multigenerational network of grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins, and other distant relatives

19
Q

From what culture is extended family structure common?

A
  1. Asia
  2. Africa
  3. Latin America
20
Q

Socioeconomic Status (SES)

A

Combination of economic and social factors describing an individual or family, including income, education, and occupation

21
Q

He identified the principles of lifespan developmental approach

A

Paul B. Baltes

22
Q

The Principles of Life-Span Developmental Approach

A
  1. Development is lifelong.
  2. Development is multidimensional.
  3. Development is multidirectional.
  4. Relative influences of biology and culture shift over the lifespan.
  5. Development involves changing resource allocations.
  6. Development shows plasticity.
  7. Development is influenced by the historical and cultural context.
23
Q

Each period of lifespan is affected by what happened before and will affect what is to come. No period is more or less important than any other.

A

Development is lifelong.

24
Q

Development occurs along multiple _____; biological, psychological, and social; each of which may develop at varying rates.

A

Development is multidimensional

Blank: dimensions

25
Q

As people gain in one area, they may lose in another, sometimes they gain and lose at the same time.

A

Development is multidirectional

26
Q

Biological abilities such as sensory acuity and muscular strength and coordination weaken with age. But cultural supports such as education and relationships may help compensate.

A

Relative influences of biology and culture shift over the lifespan.

27
Q

The three resources function of development (principles)

A
  1. Growth
  2. Maintenance
  3. Dealing with loss
28
Q

Many abilities, such as memory, endurance, strength can be improved significantly with training and practice, even late in life.

A

Development shows plasticity.

DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY (2 decks)

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