Chapter 1: Structure Of The Atom

Question 0

What is frequency?

Answer 0

Frequency (ν) is defined as the number of waves that pass a point in space each second.

Question 1

What is wavelength?

Answer 1

Wavelength (λ) is the distance between two repeating points (either two minima or two maxima) on a sine wave.

Question 2

What is the relationship between the wavelength and frequency of light?

Answer 2

The wavelength and frequency of light are inversely proportional to each other

Question 3

What’s the equation to find the speed of light?

Answer 3

(Wavelength)(frequency)= Speed of light

λν= c

Question 4

What is the equation to find the energy of light? What is Planck’s constant?

Answer 4

Planck’s constant (h): 6.63 x 10^-34 J/s

E=hν
Energy= (Planck’s constant)(frequency)

Question 5

What is the speed of light?

Answer 5

3.0 x 10^8 meters per second (m s^-1 OR m/s

Question 6

What is the equation to find the frequency of a specific energy?

Answer 6

E=hv

Question 7

What equation is used to find the energy of an orbit?

Answer 7

E_n= -2.178 x 10^-18/ n^2 joule

Question 8

What is the equation to find the energy of a wave?

Answer 8

E= hc/ wavelength

Question 9

What is the equation to find the difference in energy?

Answer 9

Change in E= E(final) - E(initial)

Question 10

What is the equation for the energy of a particle?

Answer 10

E=mc^2

Question 11

What does the Heisenberg uncertainty principle state?

Answer 11

The position and momentum(mv) of an electron cannot be known at the same time.

Question 12

What simple equation is used to find the number of orbitals in a sublevel?

Answer 12

2(sublevel number) + 1

Question 13

What is Heisenberg’s uncertainty equation?

Answer 13

(change in x)(change in momentum (mv)) is equal to or less than 6.63 x10^-34/ 4pi)

The uncertainty in the position of the electron times the uncertainty of the momentum of the electron is equal to Planck’s constant divided by four pi.
*This concept is on AP Chemistry exam. However, no numerical solution is asked.

Question 14

What does the Law of conservation of matter state?

Answer 14

In chemical reaction, matter can neither be created nor destroyed.

Question 15

What does the Law of constant composition state?

Answer 15

Each pure chemical compound always has the same percentage composition of each element by mass.

Question 16

What does the atomic theory state?

Answer 16

1>) All matter is composed of tiny particles called atoms that cannot be created or destroyed.

2. ) Each element has atoms that are identical to each other in all of their properties, and these properties are different from the properties of all other atoms.
3. ) Chemical reactions are simple rearrangements of atoms from one combination to another in small whole-number ratios.

Question 17

What does the Law of multiple proportions state?

Answer 17

When two elements can be combined to make two different compounds, and if samples of these two compounds are taken so that the masses of one of the elements in the two compounds are the same in both samples, then the ratio of the masses of the other element in these compounds will be a ratio of small whole numbers.