Chapter 1: Stimuli and Responses🧍♀️ Flashcards
The pathway for involuntary action (Reflex) 💪
Stimulus > Affector > Spinal Cord > Effector > Response
The pathway for involuntary action (Daily) 😮💨
Stimulus > Affector > Medulla Oblongata > Effector > Response
The pathway for voluntary action 📖
Stimuli > Affector > Brain > Effector > Response
The 2 types of human nervous system and what it consists🧍♀️
1) Central Nervous System (Brain, Spinal Cord)
2) Peripheral Nervous System (Cranial Nerves, Spinal Nerves)
Functions of the Human Nervous System 🤔
1) Detect stimulus (Affector)
2) Sends information in the form of impulses (Nerves)
3) Interprets impulses (Brain, Spinal Cord)
4) Produces suitable responses (Brain)
Types of Involuntary Action (Reflex) 😟
1) Withdrawing hand from hot object
2) Withdrawing foot when accidentally steps on a sharp object
3) Sneezing when dust enter the nose
Types of Involuntary Action (Daily) ⛅️
1) Heartbeat
2) Peristalsis (Movement of muscle to move food through the digestive tract)
3) Breathing
Types of Voluntary Action 😋
1) Eating
2) Reading a book
3) Walking
Humans FIVE sensory organs and their senses 🧒
1) Eyes (Sense of Sight)
2) Nose (Sense of Smell)
3) Skin (Sense of Touch)
4) Tongue (Sense of Taste)
5) Ears (Sense of Hearing)
Types of receptors in the skin 👱♀️
1) Pain Receptors
2) Cold Receptors
3) Heat Receptors
4) Pressure Receptors
5) Touch Receptors
Types of tastes 😜
1) Sweet
2) Salty
3) Sour
4) Bitter
5) Umami
Mechanism of Hearing 👂
Earlobe > Ear Canal > Eardrum > Ossicle Bone > Oval Window > Cochlea > Auditory Nerves > Brain
Mechanism of Sight 👀
Light rays > Cornea, Aqueous Humour, Lens, Vitreous Humour > Retina > Optic Nerve > Brain
Factors that affect the sensitivity of the skin☝️
1) Number of receptors
2) Thickness of epidermis
Importance of the Adaptations of the Alveolus Structure 🍇 (Atleast 1)
1) Thickness of the walls of alveolus and blood capillaries
2) Moist wall of alveolus
3) Surface area of alveolus
4) Network of capillaries covering the alveolus
